diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 418c2b0d9..3a4a9d135 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](http://keepachangelog.com/)
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 
+## [0.1.12] - Unreleased
+
+### Added
+
+- Added geometry.Spacing
+
 ## [0.1.11] - 2021-09-12
 
 ### Changed
diff --git a/examples/big_table.py b/examples/big_table.py
index 33b576e3d..a11ce385b 100644
--- a/examples/big_table.py
+++ b/examples/big_table.py
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ class MyApp(App):
         async def add_content():
             table = Table(title="Demo")
 
-            for i in range(40):
+            for i in range(20):
                 table.add_column(f"Col {i + 1}", style="magenta")
-            for i in range(200):
-                table.add_row(*[f"cell {i},{j}" for j in range(40)])
+            for i in range(100):
+                table.add_row(*[f"cell {i},{j}" for j in range(20)])
 
             await body.update(table)
 
diff --git a/examples/calculator.py b/examples/calculator.py
index 8fc80f40a..3457eb7eb 100644
--- a/examples/calculator.py
+++ b/examples/calculator.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from rich.padding import Padding
 from rich.text import Text
 
 from textual.app import App
-from textual import events
 from textual.reactive import Reactive
 from textual.views import GridView
 from textual.widget import Widget
diff --git a/examples/simple.py b/examples/simple.py
index 7f2a250bf..c3389441a 100644
--- a/examples/simple.py
+++ b/examples/simple.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class MyApp(App):
         """Create and dock the widgets."""
 
         # A scrollview to contain the markdown file
-        body = ScrollView()
+        body = ScrollView(gutter=1)
 
         # Header / footer / dock
         await self.view.dock(Header(), edge="top")
diff --git a/src/textual/geometry.py b/src/textual/geometry.py
index 464198fdc..861e11fc0 100644
--- a/src/textual/geometry.py
+++ b/src/textual/geometry.py
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any, NamedTuple, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, cast, NamedTuple, Tuple, Union, TypeVar
+
+
+SpacingDimensions = Union[int, Tuple[int], Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int, int, int, int]]
 
 
 T = TypeVar("T", int, float)
@@ -262,7 +265,7 @@ class Region(NamedTuple):
         return NotImplemented
 
     def expand(self, size: tuple[int, int]) -> Region:
-        """Add additional height.
+        """Increase the size of the region by adding a border.
 
         Args:
             size (tuple[int, int]): Additional width and height.
@@ -270,9 +273,14 @@ class Region(NamedTuple):
         Returns:
             Region: A new region.
         """
-        add_width, add_height = size
+        expand_width, expand_height = size
         x, y, width, height = self
-        return Region(x, y, width + add_width, height + add_height)
+        return Region(
+            x - expand_width,
+            y - expand_height,
+            width + expand_width * 2,
+            height + expand_height * 2,
+        )
 
     def overlaps(self, other: Region) -> bool:
         """Check if another region overlaps this region.
@@ -419,3 +427,48 @@ class Region(NamedTuple):
             min(x1, ox1), min(y1, oy1), max(x2, ox2), max(y2, oy2)
         )
         return union_region
+
+
+class Spacing(NamedTuple):
+    """The spacing around a renderable."""
+
+    top: int = 0
+    right: int = 0
+    bottom: int = 0
+    left: int = 0
+
+    @property
+    def width(self) -> int:
+        """Total space in width."""
+        return self.left + self.right
+
+    @property
+    def height(self) -> int:
+        """Total space in height."""
+        return self.top + self.bottom
+
+    @property
+    def top_left(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """Top left space."""
+        return (self.left, self.top)
+
+    @property
+    def bottom_right(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """Bottom right space."""
+        return (self.right, self.bottom)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def unpack(cls, pad: SpacingDimensions) -> Spacing:
+        """Unpack padding specified in CSS style."""
+        if isinstance(pad, int):
+            return cls(pad, pad, pad, pad)
+        if len(pad) == 1:
+            _pad = pad[0]
+            return cls(_pad, _pad, _pad, _pad)
+        if len(pad) == 2:
+            pad_top, pad_right = cast(Tuple[int, int], pad)
+            return cls(pad_top, pad_right, pad_top, pad_right)
+        if len(pad) == 4:
+            top, right, bottom, left = cast(Tuple[int, int, int, int], pad)
+            return cls(top, right, bottom, left)
+        raise ValueError(f"1, 2 or 4 integers required for spacing; {len(pad)} given")
diff --git a/src/textual/layouts/vertical.py b/src/textual/layouts/vertical.py
index 081a74ecb..c0cf10080 100644
--- a/src/textual/layouts/vertical.py
+++ b/src/textual/layouts/vertical.py
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from typing import Iterable
 
-from ..geometry import Offset, Region, Size
+from ..geometry import Offset, Region, Size, Spacing, SpacingDimensions
 from ..layout import Layout, WidgetPlacement
 from ..widget import Widget
+from .._loop import loop_last
 
 
 class VerticalLayout(Layout):
@@ -13,11 +14,11 @@ class VerticalLayout(Layout):
         *,
         auto_width: bool = False,
         z: int = 0,
-        gutter: tuple[int, int] | None = None
+        gutter: SpacingDimensions = (0, 0, 0, 0)
     ):
         self.auto_width = auto_width
         self.z = z
-        self.gutter = gutter or (0, 0)
+        self.gutter = Spacing.unpack(gutter)
         self._widgets: list[Widget] = []
         self._max_widget_width = 0
         super().__init__()
@@ -36,18 +37,19 @@ class VerticalLayout(Layout):
     def arrange(self, size: Size, scroll: Offset) -> Iterable[WidgetPlacement]:
         index = 0
         width, _height = size
-        gutter_height, gutter_width = self.gutter
+        gutter = self.gutter
+        x, y = self.gutter.top_left
         render_width = (
-            max(width, self._max_widget_width) + gutter_width * 2
+            max(width, self._max_widget_width)
             if self.auto_width
-            else width - gutter_width * 2
+            else width - gutter.width
         )
 
-        x = gutter_width
-        y = gutter_height
+        total_width = render_width
 
-        total_region = Region()
-        for widget in self._widgets:
+        gutter_height = max(gutter.top, gutter.bottom)
+
+        for last, widget in loop_last(self._widgets):
             if (
                 not widget.render_cache
                 or widget.render_cache.size.width != render_width
@@ -57,6 +59,6 @@ class VerticalLayout(Layout):
             render_height = widget.render_cache.size.height
             region = Region(x, y, render_width, render_height)
             yield WidgetPlacement(region, widget, (self.z, index))
-            total_region = total_region.union(region)
+            y += render_height + (gutter.bottom if last else gutter_height)
 
-        yield WidgetPlacement(total_region)
+        yield WidgetPlacement(Region(0, 0, total_width + gutter.width, y))
diff --git a/src/textual/scrollbar.py b/src/textual/scrollbar.py
index 62b5c3726..89c6ca8cc 100644
--- a/src/textual/scrollbar.py
+++ b/src/textual/scrollbar.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+
 import rich.repr
 from rich.color import Color
 from rich.console import Console, ConsoleOptions, RenderResult, RenderableType
@@ -237,14 +238,20 @@ class ScrollBar(Widget):
             x: float | None = None
             y: float | None = None
             if self.vertical:
-                y = self.grabbed_position + (
-                    (event.screen_y - self.grabbed.y)
-                    * (self.virtual_size / self.window_size)
+                y = round(
+                    self.grabbed_position
+                    + (
+                        (event.screen_y - self.grabbed.y)
+                        * (self.virtual_size / self.window_size)
+                    )
                 )
             else:
-                x = self.grabbed_position + (
-                    (event.screen_x - self.grabbed.x)
-                    * (self.virtual_size / self.window_size)
+                x = round(
+                    self.grabbed_position
+                    + (
+                        (event.screen_x - self.grabbed.x)
+                        * (self.virtual_size / self.window_size)
+                    )
                 )
             await self.emit(ScrollTo(self, x=x, y=y))
 
diff --git a/src/textual/views/_window_view.py b/src/textual/views/_window_view.py
index 5e424edd6..6e9a7b20e 100644
--- a/src/textual/views/_window_view.py
+++ b/src/textual/views/_window_view.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from rich.console import RenderableType
 
 from .. import events
-from ..geometry import Size
+from ..geometry import Size, SpacingDimensions
 from ..layouts.vertical import VerticalLayout
 from ..view import View
 from ..message import Message
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class WindowView(View, layout=VerticalLayout):
         widget: RenderableType | Widget,
         *,
         auto_width: bool = False,
-        gutter: tuple[int, int] = (0, 1),
+        gutter: SpacingDimensions = (0, 0),
         name: str | None = None
     ) -> None:
         layout = VerticalLayout(gutter=gutter, auto_width=auto_width)
diff --git a/src/textual/widget.py b/src/textual/widget.py
index 996993d2e..24fb16cc0 100644
--- a/src/textual/widget.py
+++ b/src/textual/widget.py
@@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ from rich import box
 from rich.align import Align
 from rich.console import Console, RenderableType
 from rich.panel import Panel
-from rich.padding import Padding, PaddingDimensions
+from rich.padding import Padding
 from rich.pretty import Pretty
-from rich.segment import Segment
 from rich.style import Style
 from rich.styled import Styled
 from rich.text import TextType
@@ -27,7 +26,7 @@ from . import events
 from ._animator import BoundAnimator
 from ._callback import invoke
 from ._context import active_app
-from .geometry import Size
+from .geometry import Size, Spacing, SpacingDimensions
 from .message import Message
 from .message_pump import MessagePump
 from .messages import Layout, Update
@@ -41,15 +40,6 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 log = getLogger("rich")
 
 
-class Spacing(NamedTuple):
-    """The spacing around a renderable."""
-
-    top: int = 0
-    right: int = 0
-    bottom: int = 0
-    left: int = 0
-
-
 class RenderCache(NamedTuple):
     size: Size
     lines: Lines
@@ -103,11 +93,11 @@ class Widget(MessagePump):
 
     BOX_MAP = {"normal": box.SQUARE, "round": box.ROUNDED, "bold": box.HEAVY}
 
-    def validate_padding(self, padding: PaddingDimensions) -> Spacing:
-        return Spacing(*Padding.unpack(padding))
+    def validate_padding(self, padding: SpacingDimensions) -> Spacing:
+        return Spacing.unpack(padding)
 
-    def validate_margin(self, padding: PaddingDimensions) -> Spacing:
-        return Spacing(*Padding.unpack(padding))
+    def validate_margin(self, margin: SpacingDimensions) -> Spacing:
+        return Spacing.unpack(margin)
 
     def validate_layout_offset_x(self, value) -> int:
         return int(value)
diff --git a/src/textual/widgets/_directory_tree.py b/src/textual/widgets/_directory_tree.py
index 69da24fae..0808d0fe3 100644
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_directory_tree.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_directory_tree.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import os.path
 from rich.console import RenderableType
 import rich.repr
 from rich.text import Text
-from rich.tree import Tree
 
 from .. import events
 from ..message import Message
diff --git a/src/textual/widgets/_scroll_view.py b/src/textual/widgets/_scroll_view.py
index ffe448d05..2d8c2317a 100644
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_scroll_view.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_scroll_view.py
@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ from rich.style import StyleType
 
 
 from .. import events
+from ..geometry import SpacingDimensions
 from ..layouts.grid import GridLayout
 from ..message import Message
 from ..messages import CursorMove
 from ..scrollbar import ScrollTo, ScrollBar
 from ..geometry import clamp
 from ..view import View
+
 from ..widget import Widget
 
 from ..reactive import Reactive
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ class ScrollView(View):
         name: str | None = None,
         style: StyleType = "",
         fluid: bool = True,
+        gutter: SpacingDimensions = (0, 0)
     ) -> None:
         from ..views import WindowView
 
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ class ScrollView(View):
         self.vscroll = ScrollBar(vertical=True)
         self.hscroll = ScrollBar(vertical=False)
         self.window = WindowView(
-            "" if contents is None else contents, auto_width=auto_width
+            "" if contents is None else contents, auto_width=auto_width, gutter=gutter
         )
         layout = GridLayout()
         layout.add_column("main")
@@ -66,11 +69,11 @@ class ScrollView(View):
 
     @property
     def max_scroll_y(self) -> float:
-        return max(0, self.window.virtual_size.height - self.size.height)
+        return max(0, self.window.virtual_size.height - self.window.size.height)
 
     @property
     def max_scroll_x(self) -> float:
-        return max(0, self.window.virtual_size.width - self.size.width)
+        return max(0, self.window.virtual_size.width - self.window.size.width)
 
     async def watch_x(self, new_value: float) -> None:
         self.window.scroll_x = round(new_value)
@@ -193,7 +196,10 @@ class ScrollView(View):
         self.animate("x", self.target_x, speed=150, easing="out_cubic")
         self.animate("y", self.target_y, speed=150, easing="out_cubic")
 
-    def handle_window_change(self, message) -> None:
+    async def handle_window_change(self, message: Message) -> None:
+
+        message.stop()
+
         virtual_width, virtual_height = self.window.virtual_size
         width, height = self.size
 
@@ -207,10 +213,10 @@ class ScrollView(View):
 
         assert isinstance(self.layout, GridLayout)
 
-        if self.layout.show_column("vscroll", virtual_height > height):
-            self.refresh()
-        if self.layout.show_row("hscroll", virtual_width > width):
-            self.refresh()
+        vscroll_change = self.layout.show_column("vscroll", virtual_height > height)
+        hscroll_change = self.layout.show_row("hscroll", virtual_width > width)
+        if hscroll_change or vscroll_change:
+            self.refresh(layout=True)
 
     def handle_cursor_move(self, message: CursorMove) -> None:
         self.scroll_to_center(message.line)