Merge pull request #1229 from Textualize/placeholder

Add Placeholder widget

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 
 - Added "inherited bindings" -- BINDINGS classvar will be merged with base classes, unless inherit_bindings is set to False
 - Added `Tree` widget which replaces `TreeControl`.
+- Added widget `Placeholder` https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1200.
 
 ### Changed
 

docs/api/placeholder.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+::: textual.widgets.Placeholder

docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.css

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+Placeholder {
+    height: 100%;
+}
+
+#top {
+    height: 50%;
+    width: 100%;
+    layout: grid;
+    grid-size: 2 2;
+}
+
+#left {
+    row-span: 2;
+}
+
+#bot {
+    height: 50%;
+    width: 100%;
+    layout: grid;
+    grid-size: 8 8;
+}
+
+#c1 {
+    row-span: 4;
+    column-span: 8;
+}
+
+#col1, #col2, #col3 {
+    width: 1fr;
+}
+
+#p1 {
+    row-span: 4;
+    column-span: 4;
+}
+
+#p2 {
+    row-span: 2;
+    column-span: 4;
+}
+
+#p3 {
+    row-span: 2;
+    column-span: 2;
+}
+
+#p4 {
+    row-span: 1;
+    column-span: 2;
+}

docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.containers import Container, Horizontal, Vertical
+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+
+
+class PlaceholderApp(App):
+
+    CSS_PATH = "placeholder.css"
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Vertical(
+            Container(
+                Placeholder("This is a custom label for p1.", id="p1"),
+                Placeholder("Placeholder p2 here!", id="p2"),
+                Placeholder(id="p3"),
+                Placeholder(id="p4"),
+                Placeholder(id="p5"),
+                Placeholder(),
+                Horizontal(
+                    Placeholder(variant="size", id="col1"),
+                    Placeholder(variant="text", id="col2"),
+                    Placeholder(variant="size", id="col3"),
+                    id="c1",
+                ),
+                id="bot"
+            ),
+            Container(
+                Placeholder(variant="text", id="left"),
+                Placeholder(variant="size", id="topright"),
+                Placeholder(variant="text", id="botright"),
+                id="top",
+            ),
+            id="content",
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = PlaceholderApp()
+    app.run()

docs/widgets/placeholder.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Placeholder
+
+
+A widget that is meant to have no complex functionality.
+Use the placeholder widget when studying the layout of your app before having to develop your custom widgets.
+
+The placeholder widget has variants that display different bits of useful information.
+Clicking a placeholder will cycle through its variants.
+
+- [ ] Focusable
+- [ ] Container
+
+## Example
+
+The example below shows each placeholder variant.
+
+=== "Output"
+
+    ```{.textual path="docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py"}
+    ```
+
+=== "placeholder.py"
+
+    ```python
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py"
+    ```
+
+=== "placeholder.css"
+
+    ```css
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.css"
+    ```
+
+## Reactive Attributes
+
+| Name       | Type   | Default     | Description                                        |
+| ---------- | ------ | ----------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
+| `variant`  | `str`  | `"default"` | Styling variant. One of `default`, `size`, `text`. |
+
+
+## Messages
+
+This widget sends no messages.
+
+## See Also
+
+* [Placeholder](../api/placeholder.md) code reference

mkdocs.yml

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ nav:
       - "widgets/index.md"
       - "widgets/input.md"
       - "widgets/label.md"
+      - "widgets/placeholder.md"
       - "widgets/static.md"
       - "widgets/tree.md"
   - API:

src/textual/widgets/_placeholder.py

@@ -1,63 +1,187 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from rich import box
+from itertools import cycle
-from rich.align import Align
-from rich.console import RenderableType
-from rich.panel import Panel
-from rich.pretty import Pretty
-import rich.repr
-from rich.style import Style
 
 from .. import events
-from ..reactive import Reactive
+from ..containers import Container
-from ..widget import Widget
+from ..css._error_tools import friendly_list
+from ..reactive import Reactive, reactive
+from ..widget import Widget, RenderResult
+from ..widgets import Label
+from .._typing import Literal
+
+PlaceholderVariant = Literal["default", "size", "text"]
+_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED: list[PlaceholderVariant] = [
+    "default",
+    "size",
+    "text",
+]
+_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS: set[PlaceholderVariant] = set(
+    _VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED
+)
+_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS = [
+    "#881177",
+    "#aa3355",
+    "#cc6666",
+    "#ee9944",
+    "#eedd00",
+    "#99dd55",
+    "#44dd88",
+    "#22ccbb",
+    "#00bbcc",
+    "#0099cc",
+    "#3366bb",
+    "#663399",
+]
+_LOREM_IPSUM_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Etiam feugiat ac elit sit amet accumsan. Suspendisse bibendum nec libero quis gravida. Phasellus id eleifend ligula. Nullam imperdiet sem tellus, sed vehicula nisl faucibus sit amet. Praesent iaculis tempor ultricies. Sed lacinia, tellus id rutrum lacinia, sapien sapien congue mauris, sit amet pellentesque quam quam vel nisl. Curabitur vulputate erat pellentesque mauris posuere, non dictum risus mattis."
 
 
-@rich.repr.auto(angular=False)
+class InvalidPlaceholderVariant(Exception):
-class Placeholder(Widget, can_focus=True):
+    pass
 
-    has_focus: Reactive[bool] = Reactive(False)
+
-    mouse_over: Reactive[bool] = Reactive(False)
+class _PlaceholderLabel(Widget):
+    def __init__(self, content, classes) -> None:
+        super().__init__(classes=classes)
+        self._content = content
+
+    def render(self) -> RenderResult:
+        return self._content
+
+
+class Placeholder(Container):
+    """A simple placeholder widget to use before you build your custom widgets.
+
+    This placeholder has a couple of variants that show different data.
+    Clicking the placeholder cycles through the available variants, but a placeholder
+    can also be initialised in a specific variant.
+
+    The variants available are:
+        default: shows an identifier label or the ID of the placeholder.
+        size: shows the size of the placeholder.
+        text: shows some Lorem Ipsum text on the placeholder.
+    """
+
+    DEFAULT_CSS = """
+    Placeholder {
+        align: center middle;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-text {
+        padding: 1;
+    }
+
+    _PlaceholderLabel {
+        height: auto;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder > _PlaceholderLabel {
+        content-align: center middle;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-size,
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-text,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-text,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-size {
+        display: none;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-size,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-text {
+        display: block;
+    }
+    """
+    # Consecutive placeholders get assigned consecutive colors.
+    _COLORS = cycle(_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS)
+    _SIZE_RENDER_TEMPLATE = "[b]{} x {}[/b]"
+
+    variant: Reactive[PlaceholderVariant] = reactive("default")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def reset_color_cycle(cls) -> None:
+        """Reset the placeholder background color cycle."""
+        cls._COLORS = cycle(_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS)
 
     def __init__(
-        # parent class constructor signature:
         self,
-        *children: Widget,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        variant: PlaceholderVariant = "default",
+        *,
         name: str | None = None,
         id: str | None = None,
         classes: str | None = None,
-        # ...and now for our own class specific params:
-        title: str | None = None,
     ) -> None:
-        super().__init__(*children, name=name, id=id, classes=classes)
+        """Create a Placeholder widget.
-        self.title = title
 
-    def __rich_repr__(self) -> rich.repr.Result:
+        Args:
-        yield from super().__rich_repr__()
+            label (str | None, optional): The label to identify the placeholder.
-        yield "has_focus", self.has_focus, False
+                If no label is present, uses the placeholder ID instead. Defaults to None.
-        yield "mouse_over", self.mouse_over, False
+            variant (PlaceholderVariant, optional): The variant of the placeholder.
-
+                Defaults to "default".
-    def render(self) -> RenderableType:
+            name (str | None, optional): The name of the placeholder. Defaults to None.
-        # Apply colours only inside render_styled
+            id (str | None, optional): The ID of the placeholder in the DOM.
-        # Pass the full RICH style object into `render` - not the `Styles`
+                Defaults to None.
-        return Panel(
+            classes (str | None, optional): A space separated string with the CSS classes
-            Align.center(
+                of the placeholder, if any. Defaults to None.
-                Pretty(self, no_wrap=True, overflow="ellipsis"),
+        """
-                vertical="middle",
+        # Create and cache labels for all the variants.
-            ),
+        self._default_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
-            title=self.title or self.__class__.__name__,
+            label if label else f"#{id}" if id else "Placeholder",
-            border_style="green" if self.mouse_over else "blue",
+            "-default",
-            box=box.HEAVY if self.has_focus else box.ROUNDED,
+        )
+        self._size_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
+            "",
+            "-size",
+        )
+        self._text_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
+            _LOREM_IPSUM_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT,
+            "-text",
+        )
+        super().__init__(
+            self._default_label,
+            self._size_label,
+            self._text_label,
+            name=name,
+            id=id,
+            classes=classes,
         )
 
-    async def on_focus(self, event: events.Focus) -> None:
+        self.styles.background = f"{next(Placeholder._COLORS)} 70%"
-        self.has_focus = True
 
-    async def on_blur(self, event: events.Blur) -> None:
+        self.variant = self.validate_variant(variant)
-        self.has_focus = False
+        # Set a cycle through the variants with the correct starting point.
+        self._variants_cycle = cycle(_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED)
+        while next(self._variants_cycle) != self.variant:
+            pass
 
-    async def on_enter(self, event: events.Enter) -> None:
+    def cycle_variant(self) -> None:
-        self.mouse_over = True
+        """Get the next variant in the cycle."""
+        self.variant = next(self._variants_cycle)
 
-    async def on_leave(self, event: events.Leave) -> None:
+    def watch_variant(
-        self.mouse_over = False
+        self, old_variant: PlaceholderVariant, variant: PlaceholderVariant
+    ) -> None:
+        self.remove_class(f"-{old_variant}")
+        self.add_class(f"-{variant}")
+
+    def validate_variant(self, variant: PlaceholderVariant) -> PlaceholderVariant:
+        """Validate the variant to which the placeholder was set."""
+        if variant not in _VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS:
+            raise InvalidPlaceholderVariant(
+                "Valid placeholder variants are "
+                + f"{friendly_list(_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS)}"
+            )
+        return variant
+
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        """Click handler to cycle through the placeholder variants."""
+        self.cycle_variant()
+
+    def on_resize(self, event: events.Resize) -> None:
+        """Update the placeholder "size" variant with the new placeholder size."""
+        self._size_label._content = self._SIZE_RENDER_TEMPLATE.format(*self.size)
+        if self.variant == "size":
+            self._size_label.refresh(layout=True)

tests/snapshot_tests/test_snapshots.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
 
+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+
 # These paths should be relative to THIS directory.
 WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR = Path("../../docs/examples/widgets")
 LAYOUT_EXAMPLES_DIR = Path("../../docs/examples/guide/layout")
@@ -79,6 +81,12 @@ def test_buttons_render(snap_compare):
     assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "button.py", press=["tab"])
 
 
+def test_placeholder_render(snap_compare):
+    # Testing the rendering of the multiple placeholder variants and labels.
+    Placeholder.reset_color_cycle()
+    assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "placeholder.py")
+
+
 def test_datatable_render(snap_compare):
     press = ["tab", "down", "down", "right", "up", "left"]
     assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "data_table.py", press=press)

tests/test_placeholder.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import pytest
+
+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+from textual.widgets._placeholder import InvalidPlaceholderVariant
+
+
+def test_invalid_placeholder_variant():
+    with pytest.raises(InvalidPlaceholderVariant):
+        Placeholder(variant="this is clearly not a valid variant!")
+
+
+def test_invalid_reactive_variant_change():
+    p = Placeholder()
+    with pytest.raises(InvalidPlaceholderVariant):
+        p.variant = "this is clearly not a valid variant!"