widgets docs

docs/examples/guide/widgets/fizzbuzz.css

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Screen {
+    layout: center;
+}
+
+FizzBuzz {
+    width: auto;
+    height: auto;
+    background: $panel;    
+}

docs/examples/guide/widgets/fizzbuzz.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from rich.table import Table
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.widgets import Static
+
+
+class FizzBuzz(Static):
+    def on_mount(self) -> None:
+        table = Table("Number", "Fizz?", "Buzz?")
+        for n in range(1, 16):
+            fizz = not n % 3
+            buzz = not n % 5
+            table.add_row(
+                str(n),
+                "fizz" if fizz else "",
+                "buzz" if buzz else "",
+            )
+        self.update(table)
+
+
+class FizzBuzzApp(App):
+    CSS_PATH = "fizzbuzz.css"
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield FizzBuzz()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = FizzBuzzApp()
+    app.run()

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello01.css

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Screen {
+    layout: center;
+}

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello01.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult, RenderResult
+from textual.widget import Widget
+
+
+class Hello(Widget):
+    """Display a greeting."""
+
+    def render(self) -> RenderResult:
+        return "Hello, [b]World[/b]!"
+
+
+class CustomApp(App):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Hello()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = CustomApp()
+    app.run()

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello02.css

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Screen {
+    layout: center;
+}
+
+Hello {
+    width: 40;
+    height: 9;
+    padding: 1 2;
+    background: $panel;
+    color: $text;
+    border: $secondary tall;
+    content-align: center middle;
+}

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello02.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult, RenderResult
+from textual.widget import Widget
+
+
+class Hello(Widget):
+    """Display a greeting."""
+
+    def render(self) -> RenderResult:
+        return "Hello, [b]World[/b]!"
+
+
+class CustomApp(App):
+    CSS_PATH = "hello02.css"
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Hello()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = CustomApp()
+    app.run()

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello03.css

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Screen {
+    layout: center;
+}
+
+Hello {
+    width: 40;
+    height: 9;
+    padding: 1 2;
+    background: $panel;
+    border: $secondary tall;
+    content-align: center middle;
+}

docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello03.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from itertools import cycle
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.widgets import Static
+
+
+hellos = cycle(
+    [
+        "Hola",
+        "Bonjour",
+        "Guten tag",
+        "Salve",
+        "Nǐn hǎo",
+        "Olá",
+        "Asalaam alaikum",
+        "Konnichiwa",
+        "Anyoung haseyo",
+        "Zdravstvuyte",
+        "Hello",
+    ]
+)
+
+
+class Hello(Static):
+    """Display a greeting."""
+
+    def on_mount(self) -> None:
+        self.next_word()
+
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        self.next_word()
+
+    def next_word(self) -> None:
+        """Get a new hello and update the content area."""
+        hello = next(hellos)
+        self.update(f"{hello}, [b]World[/b]!")
+
+
+class CustomApp(App):
+    CSS_PATH = "hello03.css"
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Hello()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = CustomApp()
+    app.run()

docs/examples/styles/overflow.css

@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ Vertical {
 
 Static {
     margin: 1 2;  
-    background: blue 20%;  
-    border: blue wide;
+    background: green 80%;  
+    border: green wide;
+    color: white 90%;
     height: auto;
 }    
 

docs/guide/widgets.md

@@ -1,5 +1,114 @@
 # Widgets
 
+In this chapter we will explore widgets in more detail, and how you can create custom widgets of your own.
+
+
+## What is a widget?
+
+A widget is a component of your UI responsible for managing a rectangular region of the screen. Widgets may respond to [events](./events.md) in much the same way as an app. In many respects, widgets are like mini-apps.
+
+!!! information
+
+    Every widget runs in its own asyncio task.
+
+## Custom widgets
+
+There is a growing collection of [builtin widgets](../widgets/index.md) in Textual, but you can build entirely custom widgets that work in the same way.
+
+The first step in building a widget is to import and extend a widget class. This can either be [Widget][textual.widget.Widget] which is the base class of all widgets, or one of it's subclasses.
+
+Let's create a simple custom widget to display a greeting.
+
+
+```python title="hello01.py" hl_lines="5-9"
+--8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello01.py"
+```
+
+The three highlighted lines define a custom widget class with just a [render()][textual.widget.Widget.render] method. Textual will display whatever is returned from render in the content area of your widget. We have returned a string in the code above, but there are other possible return types which we will cover later.
+
+Note that the text contains tags in square brackets, i.e. `[b]`. This is [console markup](https://rich.readthedocs.io/en/latest/markup.html) which allows you to embed various styles within your content. If you run this you will find that `World` is in bold. 
+
+```{.textual path="docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello01.py"}
+```
+
+This (very simple) custom widget may be [styled](./styles.md) in the same was as builtin widgets, and targeted with CSS. Let's add some CSS to this app.
+
+
+=== "hello02.py"
+
+    ```python title="hello02.py" hl_lines="13"
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello02.py"
+    ```
+
+=== "hello02.css"
+
+    ```sass title="hello02.css"
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello02.css"
+    ```
+
+The addition of the CSS has completely transformed our custom widget.
+
+```{.textual path="docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello02.py"}
+```
+
+### Static widget
+
+While you can extend the Widget class, it is generally preferable to extend a subclass for a better starting point. The [Static][textual.widgets.Static] class is a widget subclass which caches the result of render, and provides an [update()][textual.widgets.Static.update] method to update the content area.
+
+Let's use Static to create a widget which cycles through "hello" in various languages.
+
+=== "hello03.py"
+
+    ```python title="hello03.py" 
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello03.py"
+    ```
+
+=== "hello03.css"
+
+    ```sass title="hello03.css" hl_lines="32-35"
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello03.css"
+    ```
+
+=== "Output"
+
+    ```{.textual path="docs/examples/guide/widgets/hello03.py"}
+    ```
+
+Note that there is no `render()` method on this widget. The Static class is handling the render for us. Instead we call `update()` when we want to update the content within the widget.
+
+The `next_word` method updates the greeting. We call this method from the mount handler to get the first word, and from an click handler to cycle through the hellos when we click the widget. 
+
+## Rich renderables
+
+In previous examples we've set strings as content for Widgets. You can also use special objects called [renderables](https://rich.readthedocs.io/en/latest/protocol.html) which can produce more advanced visuals in a Textual app. You can use any renderable defined in [Rich](https://github.com/Textualize/rich) or third party libraries.
+
+Lets make a widget that uses a Rich table for its content. The following app is a solution of the classic [fizzbuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) problem often used to screen software engineers in job interviews. The problem is this: Count up from 1 to 100, when the number is divisible by 3, output "fizz"; when the number is divisible by 5, output "buzz"; and when the number is divisible by both 3 and 5 output "fizzbuzz".
+
+This app will "play" fizz buzz by displaying a table of the first 15 numbers and columns for fizz and buzz.
+
+=== "fizzbuzz.py"
+
+    ```python title="fizzbuzz.py" hl_lines="18"
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/fizzbuzz.py"
+    ```
+
+=== "fizzbuzz.css"
+
+    ```sass title="hello03.css" hl_lines="32-35"
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/guide/widgets/fizzbuzz.css"
+    ```
+
+=== "Output"
+
+    ```{.textual path="docs/examples/guide/widgets/fizzbuzz.py"}
+    ```
+
+## Content size 
+
+If you use a rich renderable as content, Textual can auto-detect the dimensions of the output which will become the content area of the widget.
+
+
+
 TODO: Widgets docs
 
 - What is a widget

poetry.lock

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [[package]]
 name = "aiohttp"
-version = "3.8.1"
+version = "3.8.2"
 description = "Async http client/server framework (asyncio)"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ asynctest = {version = "0.13.0", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}
 attrs = ">=17.3.0"
 charset-normalizer = ">=2.0,<3.0"
 frozenlist = ">=1.1.1"
-multidict = ">=4.5,<7.0"
+multidict = ">=4.5,<6.0"
 typing-extensions = {version = ">=3.7.4", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}
 yarl = ">=1.0,<2.0"
 
@@ -420,11 +420,11 @@ python-versions = "*"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "multidict"
-version = "6.0.2"
+version = "5.2.0"
 description = "multidict implementation"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mypy"
@@ -696,16 +696,21 @@ version = "12.6.0a1"
 description = "Render rich text, tables, progress bars, syntax highlighting, markdown and more to the terminal"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.6.3,<4.0.0"
+python-versions = "^3.6.3"
+develop = true
 
 [package.dependencies]
-commonmark = ">=0.9.0,<0.10.0"
-pygments = ">=2.6.0,<3.0.0"
-typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.0.0,<5.0", markers = "python_version < \"3.9\""}
+commonmark = "^0.9.0"
+pygments = "^2.6.0"
+typing-extensions = {version = ">=4.0.0, <5.0", markers = "python_version < \"3.9\""}
 
 [package.extras]
 jupyter = ["ipywidgets (>=7.5.1,<8.0.0)"]
 
+[package.source]
+type = "directory"
+url = "../rich"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "six"
 version = "1.16.0"
@@ -830,83 +835,10 @@ dev = ["aiohttp", "click", "msgpack"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "1.1"
 python-versions = "^3.7"
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 mypy = [
     {file = "mypy-0.950-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_universal2.whl", hash = "sha256:cf9c261958a769a3bd38c3e133801ebcd284ffb734ea12d01457cb09eacf7d7b"},
     {file = "mypy-0.950-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:b5b5bd0ffb11b4aba2bb6d31b8643902c48f990cc92fda4e21afac658044f0c0"},

pyproject.toml

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ textual = "textual.cli.cli:run"
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
 python = "^3.7"
-rich = "^12.6.0a1"
-#rich = {path="../rich", develop=true}
+#rich = "^12.6.0a1"
+rich = {path="../rich", develop=true}
 importlib-metadata = "^4.11.3"
 typing-extensions = { version = "^4.0.0", python = "<3.8" }
 

src/textual/app.py

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ DEFAULT_COLORS = {
 
 
 ComposeResult = Iterable[Widget]
+RenderResult = RenderableType
 
 
 class AppError(Exception):

src/textual/color.py

@@ -502,12 +502,10 @@ class Color(NamedTuple):
         Returns:
             Color: A new color, either an off-white or off-black
         """
-        white = self.blend(WHITE, alpha)
-        black = self.blend(BLACK, alpha)
         brightness = self.brightness
-        white_contrast = abs(brightness - white.brightness)
-        black_contrast = abs(brightness - black.brightness)
-        return white if white_contrast > black_contrast else black
+        white_contrast = abs(brightness - WHITE.brightness)
+        black_contrast = abs(brightness - BLACK.brightness)
+        return (WHITE if white_contrast > black_contrast else BLACK).with_alpha(alpha)
 
 
 # Color constants

src/textual/design.py

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ class ColorSystem:
                     shade_color = color.lighten(luminosity_delta)
                     colors[f"{name}{shade_name}"] = shade_color.hex
 
-        colors["text"] = "auto 95%"
+        colors["text"] = "auto 90%"
         colors["text-muted"] = "auto 50%"
         colors["text-disabled"] = "auto 30%"
 

src/textual/widgets/_static.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from rich.console import RenderableType
 from rich.protocol import is_renderable
 from rich.text import Text
 
-from ..reactive import reactive
 from ..errors import RenderError
 from ..widget import Widget
 
@@ -87,11 +86,11 @@ class Static(Widget):
         """
         return self._renderable
 
-    def update(self, renderable: RenderableType = "", home: bool = False) -> None:
-        """Update the widget contents.
+    def update(self, renderable: RenderableType) -> None:
+        """Update the widget's content area with new text or Rich renderable.
 
         Args:
-            renderable (RenderableType): A new rich renderable.
+            renderable (RenderableType, optional): A new rich renderable.
         """
         _check_renderable(renderable)
         self.renderable = renderable