go : improve progress reporting and callback handling (#1024)

- Rename `cb` to `callNewSegment` in the `Process` function
- Add `callProgress` as a new parameter to the `Process` function
- Introduce `ProgressCallback` type for reporting progress during processing
- Update `Whisper_full` function to include `progressCallback` parameter
- Add `registerProgressCallback` function and `cbProgress` map for handling progress callbacks

Signed-off-by: appleboy <appleboy.tw@gmail.com>

bindings/go/whisper_test.go

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func Test_Whisper_001(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ctx.Whisper_free()
 	params := ctx.Whisper_full_default_params(whisper.SAMPLING_GREEDY)
 	data := buf.AsFloat32Buffer().Data
-	err = ctx.Whisper_full(params, data, nil, nil)
+	err = ctx.Whisper_full(params, data, nil, nil, nil)
 	assert.NoError(err)
 
 	// Print out tokens