Merge branch 'main' into list-view

2025-10-17 02:38:12 +03:00 · 2022-12-09 10:09:07 +00:00
parent 29f48878e6 d91ea42ec0
commit cebeafbb8b
53 changed files with 2682 additions and 394 deletions
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ repos:
    -   id: check-yaml
        args: ['--unsafe']
 -   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 22.3.0
+    rev: 22.10.0
    hooks:
    -   id: black
        exclude: ^tests/
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -12,14 +12,21 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).

 - Added "inherited bindings" -- BINDINGS classvar will be merged with base classes, unless inherit_bindings is set to False
 - Added `Tree` widget which replaces `TreeControl`.
+- Added widget `Placeholder` https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1200.

 ### Changed

 - Rebuilt `DirectoryTree` with new `Tree` control.
+- Empty containers with a dimension set to `"auto"` will now collapse instead of filling up the available space.
+- Container widgets now have default height of `1fr`.
+- The default `width` of a `Label` is now `auto`.

 ### Fixed

 - Type selectors can now contain numbers https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1253
+- Fixed visibility not affecting children https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1313
+- Fixed issue with auto width/height and relative children https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1319
+- Fixed issue with offset applied to containers https://github.com/Textualize/textual/issues/1256

 ## [0.5.0] - 2022-11-20

--- a/docs/api/placeholder.md
+++ b/docs/api/placeholder.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+::: textual.widgets.Placeholder
--- a/docs/api/text_log.md
+++ b/docs/api/text_log.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+::: textual.widgets.TextLog
--- a/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01-colour-changer.gif
+++ b/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01-colour-changer.gif
--- a/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/non-blocking.gif
+++ b/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/non-blocking.gif
--- a/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/responsive-demo.gif
+++ b/docs/blog/images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/responsive-demo.gif
--- a/docs/blog/images/2022-12-08-davep-devlog/textual-qrcode.png
+++ b/docs/blog/images/2022-12-08-davep-devlog/textual-qrcode.png
--- a/docs/blog/posts/be-the-keymaster.md
+++ b/docs/blog/posts/be-the-keymaster.md
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+---
+draft: false
+date: 2022-12-08
+categories:
+  - DevLog
+authors:
+  - davep
+---
+
+# Be the Keymaster!
+
+## That didn't go to plan
+
+So... yeah... the blog. When I wrote [my previous (and first)
+post](https://textual.textualize.io/blog/2022/11/26/on-dog-food-the-original-metaverse-and-not-being-bored/)
+I had wanted to try and do a post towards the end of each week, highlighting
+what I'd done on the "dogfooding" front. Life kinda had other plans. Not in
+a terrible way, but it turns out that getting both flu and Covid jabs (AKA
+"jags" as they tend to say in my adopted home) on the same day doesn't
+really agree with me too well.
+
+I *have* been working, but there's been some odd moments in the past week
+and a bit and, last week, once I got to the end, I was glad for it to end.
+So no blog post happened.
+
+Anyway...
+
+<!-- more -->
+
+## What have I been up to?
+
+While mostly sat feeling sorry for myself on my sofa, I have been coding.
+Rather than list all the different things here in detail, I'll quickly
+mention them with links to where to find them and play with them if you
+want:
+
+### FivePyFive
+
+While my Textual 5x5 puzzle is [one of the examples in the Textual
+repo](https://github.com/Textualize/textual/tree/main/examples), I wanted to
+make it more widely available so people can download it with `pip` or
+[`pipx`](https://pypa.github.io/pipx/). See [over on
+PyPi](https://pypi.org/project/fivepyfive/) and see if you can solve it. ;-)
+
+<div class="video-wrapper">
+    <iframe
+        width="560" height="315"
+        src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Rf34Z5r7Q60"
+        title="PISpy" frameborder="0"
+        allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
+        allowfullscreen>
+    </iframe>
+</div>
+
+### textual-qrcode
+
+I wanted to put together a very small example of how someone may put
+together a third party widget library, and in doing so selected what I
+thought was going to be a mostly-useless example: [a wrapper around a
+text-based QR code generator
+website](https://pypi.org/project/textual-qrcode/). Weirdly I've had a
+couple of people express a need for QR codes in the terminal since
+publishing that!
+
+![A Textual QR Code](../images/2022-12-08-davep-devlog/textual-qrcode.png)
+
+### PISpy
+
+[PISpy](https://pypi.org/project/pispy-client/) is a very simple
+terminal-based client for the [PyPi
+API](https://warehouse.pypa.io/api-reference/). Mostly it provides a
+hypertext interface to Python package details, letting you look up a package
+and then follow its dependency links. It's *very* simple at the moment, but
+I think more fun things can be done with this.
+
+<div class="video-wrapper">
+    <iframe
+        width="560" height="315"
+        src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/yMGD6bXqIEo"
+        title="PISpy" frameborder="0"
+        allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
+        allowfullscreen>
+    </iframe>
+</div>
+
+### OIDIA
+
+I'm a big fan of the use of streak-tracking in one form or another.
+Personally I use a [streak-tracking app](https://streaksapp.com/) for
+keeping tabs of all sorts of good (and bad) habits, and as a heavy user of
+all things Apple I make a lot of use of [the Fitness
+rings](https://www.apple.com/uk/watch/close-your-rings/), etc. So I got to
+thinking it might be fun to do a really simple, no shaming, no counting,
+just recording, steak app for the Terminal.
+[OIDIA](https://pypi.org/project/oidia/) is the result.
+
+<div class="video-wrapper">
+    <iframe
+        width="560" height="315"
+        src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3Kz8eUzO9-8"
+        title="YouTube video player"
+        frameborder="0"
+        allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
+        allowfullscreen>
+    </iframe>
+</div>
+
+As of the time of writing I only finished the first version of this
+yesterday evening, so there are plenty of rough edges; but having got it to
+a point where it performed the basic tasks I wanted from it, that seemed
+like a good time to publish.
+
+Expect to see this getting more updates and polish.
+
+## Wait, what about this Keymaster thing?
+
+Ahh, yes, about that... So one of the handy things I'm finding about Textual
+is its [key binding
+system](https://textual.textualize.io/guide/input/#bindings). The more
+I build Textual apps, the more I appreciate the bindings, how they can be
+associated with specific widgets, the use of actions (which can be used from
+other places too), etc.
+
+But... (there's always a "but" right -- I mean, there'd be no blog post to
+be had here otherwise).
+
+The terminal doesn't have access to all the key combinations you may want to
+use, and also, because some keys can't necessarily be "typed", at least not
+easily (think about it: there's no <kbd>F1</kbd> character, you have to type
+`F1`), many keys and key combinations need to be bound with specific names.
+
+So there's two problems here: how do I discover what keys even turn up in my
+application, and when they do, what should I call them when I pass them to
+[`Binding`](https://textual.textualize.io/api/binding/#textual.binding.Binding)?
+
+That felt like a *"well Dave just build an app for it!"* problem. So I did:
+
+<div class="video-wrapper">
+    <iframe
+        width="560" height="315"
+        src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-MV8LFfEOZo"
+        title="YouTube video player"
+        frameborder="0"
+        allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
+        allowfullscreen>
+    </iframe>
+</div>
+
+If you're building apps with Textual and you want to discover what keys turn
+up from your terminal and are available to your application, you can:
+
+```sh
+$ pipx install textual-keys
+```
+
+and then just run `textual-keys` and start mashing the keyboard to find out.
+
+There's a good chance that this app, or at least a version of it, will make
+it into Textual itself (very likely as one of the
+[devtools](https://textual.textualize.io/guide/devtools/)). But for now it's
+just an easy install away.
+
+I think there's a call to be made here too: have you built anything to help
+speed up how you work with Textual, or just make the development experience
+"just so"? If so, do let us know, and come yell about it on the
+[`#show-and-tell`
+channel](https://discord.com/channels/1026214085173461072/1033752599112994867)
+in [our Discord server](https://discord.gg/Enf6Z3qhVr).
--- a/docs/blog/posts/responsive-app-background-task.md
+++ b/docs/blog/posts/responsive-app-background-task.md
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+---
+draft: false
+date: 2022-12-07
+categories:
+  - DevLog
+authors:
+  - rodrigo
+---
+
+# Letting your cook multitask while bringing water to a boil
+
+Whenever you are cooking a time-consuming meal, you want to multitask as much as possible.
+For example, you **do not** want to stand still while you wait for a pot of water to start boiling.
+Similarly, you want your applications to remain responsive (i.e., you want the cook to “multitask”) while they do some time-consuming operations in the background (e.g., while the water heats up).
+
+The animation below shows an example of an application that remains responsive (colours on the left still change on click) even while doing a bunch of time-consuming operations (shown on the right).
+
+![](../images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/responsive-demo.gif)
+
+In this blog post, I will teach you how to multitask like a good cook.
+
+<!-- more -->
+
+
+## Wasting time staring at pots
+
+There is no point in me presenting a solution to a problem if you don't understand the problem I am trying to solve.
+Suppose we have an application that needs to display a huge amount of data that needs to be read and parsed from a file.
+The first time I had to do something like this, I ended up writing an application that “blocked”.
+This means that _while_ the application was reading and parsing the data, nothing else worked.
+
+To exemplify this type of scenario, I created a simple application that spends five seconds preparing some data.
+After the data is ready, we display a `Label` on the right that says that the data has been loaded.
+On the left, the app has a big rectangle (a custom widget called `ColourChanger`) that you can click and that changes background colours randomly.
+
+When you start the application, you can click the rectangle on the left to change the background colour of the `ColourChanger`, as the animation below shows:
+
+![](../images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01-colour-changer.gif)
+
+However, as soon as you press `l` to trigger the data loading process, clicking the `ColourChanger` widget doesn't do anything.
+The app doesn't respond because it is busy working on the data.
+This is the code of the app so you can try it yourself:
+
+```py hl_lines="11-13 21 35 36"
+--8<-- "docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01.py"
+```
+
+1. The widget `ColourChanger` changes colours, randomly, when clicked.
+2. We create a binding to the key `l` that runs an action that we know will take some time (for example, reading and parsing a huge file).
+3. The method `action_load` is responsible for starting our time-consuming task and then reporting back.
+4. To simplify things a bit, our “time-consuming task” is just standing still for 5 seconds.
+
+I think it is easy to understand why the widget `ColourChanger` stops working when we hit the `time.sleep` call if we consider [the cooking analogy](https://mathspp.com/blog/til/cooking-with-asyncio) I have written about before in my blog.
+In short, Python behaves like a lone cook in a kitchen:
+
+ - the cook can be clever and multitask. For example, while water is heating up and being brought to a boil, the cook can go ahead and chop some vegetables.
+ - however, there is _only one_ cook in the kitchen, so if the cook is chopping up vegetables, they can't be seasoning a salad.
+
+Things like “chopping up vegetables” and “seasoning a salad” are _blocking_, i.e., they need the cook's time and attention.
+In the app that I showed above, the call to `time.sleep` is blocking, so the cook can't go and do anything else until the time interval elapses.
+
+## How can a cook multitask?
+
+It makes a lot of sense to think that a cook would multitask in their kitchen, but Python isn't like a smart cook.
+Python is like a very dumb cook who only ever does one thing at a time and waits until each thing is completely done before doing the next thing.
+So, by default, Python would act like a cook who fills up a pan with water, starts heating the water, and then stands there staring at the water until it starts boiling instead of doing something else.
+It is by using the module `asyncio` from the standard library that our cook learns to do other tasks while _awaiting_ the completion of the things they already started doing.
+
+[Textual](https://github.com/textualize/textual) is an async framework, which means it knows how to interoperate with the module `asyncio` and this will be the solution to our problem.
+By using `asyncio` with the tasks we want to run in the background, we will let the application remain responsive while we load and parse the data we need, or while we crunch the numbers we need to crunch, or while we connect to some slow API over the Internet, or whatever it is you want to do.
+
+The module `asyncio` uses the keyword `async` to know which functions can be run asynchronously.
+In other words, you use the keyword `async` to identify functions that contain tasks that would otherwise force the cook to waste time.
+(Functions with the keyword `async` are called _coroutines_.)
+
+The module `asyncio` also introduces a function `asyncio.create_task` that you can use to run coroutines concurrently.
+So, if we create a coroutine that is in charge of doing the time-consuming operation and then run it with `asyncio.create_task`, we are well on our way to fix our issues.
+
+However, the keyword `async` and `asyncio.create_task` alone aren't enough.
+Consider this modification of the previous app, where the method `action_load` now uses `asyncio.create_task` to run a coroutine who does the sleeping:
+
+```py hl_lines="36-37 39"
+--8<-- "docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking02.py"
+```
+
+1. The action method `action_load` now defers the heavy lifting to another method we created.
+2. The time-consuming operation can be run concurrently with `asyncio.create_task` because it is a coroutine.
+3. The method `_do_long_operation` has the keyword `async`, so it is a coroutine.
+
+This modified app also works but it suffers from the same issue as the one before!
+The keyword `async` tells Python that there will be things inside that function that can be _awaited_ by the cook.
+That is, the function will do some time-consuming operation that doesn't require the cook's attention.
+However, we need to tell Python which time-consuming operation doesn't require the cook's attention, i.e., which time-consuming operation can be _awaited_, with the keyword `await`.
+
+Whenever we want to use the keyword `await`, we need to do it with objects that are compatible with it.
+For many things, that means using specialised libraries:
+
+ - instead of `time.sleep`, one can use `await asyncio.sleep`;
+ - instead of the module `requests` to make Internet requests, use `aiohttp`; or
+ - instead of using the built-in tools to read files, use `aiofiles`.
+
+## Achieving good multitasking
+
+To fix the last example application, all we need to do is replace the call to `time.sleep` with a call to `asyncio.sleep` and then use the keyword `await` to signal Python that we can be doing something else while we sleep.
+The animation below shows that we can still change colours while the application is completing the time-consuming operation.
+
+=== "Code"
+
+    ```py hl_lines="40 41 42"
+    --8<-- "docs\blog\snippets\2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task\nonblocking01.py"
+    ```
+
+    1. We create a label that tells the user that we are starting our time-consuming operation.
+    2. We `await` the time-consuming operation so that the application remains responsive.
+    3. We create a label that tells the user that the time-consuming operation has been concluded.
+
+=== "Animation"
+
+    ![](../images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/non-blocking.gif)
+
+Because our time-consuming operation runs concurrently, everything else in the application still works while we _await_ for the time-consuming operation to finish.
+In particular, we can keep changing colours (like the animation above showed) but we can also keep activating the binding with the key `l` to start multiple instances of the same time-consuming operation!
+The animation below shows just this:
+
+![](../images/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/responsive-demo.gif)
+
+!!! warning
+
+    The animation GIFs in this blog post show low-quality colours in an attempt to reduce the size of the media files you have to download to be able to read this blog post.
+    If you run Textual locally you will see beautiful colours ✨
--- a/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01.py
+++ b/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking01.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from random import randint
+import time
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.color import Color
+from textual.containers import Grid, Vertical
+from textual.widget import Widget
+from textual.widgets import Footer, Label
+
+
+class ColourChanger(Widget):  # (1)!
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        self.styles.background = Color(
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+        )
+
+
+class MyApp(App[None]):
+    BINDINGS = [("l", "load", "Load data")]  # (2)!
+    CSS = """
+    Grid {
+        grid-size: 2;
+    }
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Grid(
+            ColourChanger(),
+            Vertical(id="log"),
+        )
+        yield Footer()
+
+    def action_load(self) -> None:  # (3)!
+        time.sleep(5)  # (4)!
+        self.query_one("#log").mount(Label("Data loaded ✅"))
+
+
+MyApp().run()
--- a/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking02.py
+++ b/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/blocking02.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import asyncio
+from random import randint
+import time
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.color import Color
+from textual.containers import Grid, Vertical
+from textual.widget import Widget
+from textual.widgets import Footer, Label
+
+
+class ColourChanger(Widget):
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        self.styles.background = Color(
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+        )
+
+
+class MyApp(App[None]):
+    BINDINGS = [("l", "load", "Load data")]
+    CSS = """
+    Grid {
+        grid-size: 2;
+    }
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Grid(
+            ColourChanger(),
+            Vertical(id="log"),
+        )
+        yield Footer()
+
+    def action_load(self) -> None:  # (1)!
+        asyncio.create_task(self._do_long_operation())  # (2)!
+
+    async def _do_long_operation(self) -> None:  # (3)!
+        time.sleep(5)
+        self.query_one("#log").mount(Label("Data loaded ✅"))
+
+
+MyApp().run()
--- a/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/nonblocking01.py
+++ b/docs/blog/snippets/2022-12-07-responsive-app-background-task/nonblocking01.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import asyncio
+from random import randint
+import time
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.color import Color
+from textual.containers import Grid, Vertical
+from textual.widget import Widget
+from textual.widgets import Footer, Label
+
+
+class ColourChanger(Widget):
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        self.styles.background = Color(
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+            randint(1, 255),
+        )
+
+
+class MyApp(App[None]):
+    BINDINGS = [("l", "load", "Load data")]
+    CSS = """
+    Grid {
+        grid-size: 2;
+    }
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Grid(
+            ColourChanger(),
+            Vertical(id="log"),
+        )
+        yield Footer()
+
+    def action_load(self) -> None:
+        asyncio.create_task(self._do_long_operation())
+
+    async def _do_long_operation(self) -> None:
+        self.query_one("#log").mount(Label("Starting ⏳"))  # (1)!
+        await asyncio.sleep(5)  # (2)!
+        self.query_one("#log").mount(Label("Data loaded ✅"))  # (3)!
+
+
+MyApp().run()
--- a/docs/examples/guide/dom4.css
+++ b/docs/examples/guide/dom4.css
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@

 /* The top level dialog (a Container) */
 #dialog {
+    height: 100%;
    margin: 4 8;
    background: $panel;
    color: $text;
--- a/docs/examples/guide/layout/combining_layouts.css
+++ b/docs/examples/guide/layout/combining_layouts.css
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    grid-rows: 1fr;
 }

-#left-pane > Static {
+#left-pane > Static {    
    background: $boost;
    color: auto;
    margin-bottom: 1;
@@ -13,12 +13,14 @@
 }

 #left-pane {
+    height: 100%;
    row-span: 2;
    background: $panel;
    border: dodgerblue;
 }

 #top-right {
+    height: 100%;
    background: $panel;
    border: mediumvioletred;
 }
@@ -31,6 +33,7 @@
 }

 #bottom-right {
+    height: 100%;
    layout: grid;
    grid-size: 3;
    grid-columns: 1fr;
--- a/docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.css
+++ b/docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.css
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+Placeholder {
+    height: 100%;
+}
+
+#top {
+    height: 50%;
+    width: 100%;
+    layout: grid;
+    grid-size: 2 2;
+}
+
+#left {
+    row-span: 2;
+}
+
+#bot {
+    height: 50%;
+    width: 100%;
+    layout: grid;
+    grid-size: 8 8;
+}
+
+#c1 {
+    row-span: 4;
+    column-span: 8;
+    height: 100%;
+}
+
+#col1, #col2, #col3 {
+    width: 1fr;
+}
+
+#p1 {
+    row-span: 4;
+    column-span: 4;
+}
+
+#p2 {
+    row-span: 2;
+    column-span: 4;
+}
+
+#p3 {
+    row-span: 2;
+    column-span: 2;
+}
+
+#p4 {
+    row-span: 1;
+    column-span: 2;
+}
--- a/docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py
+++ b/docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.containers import Container, Horizontal, Vertical
+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+
+
+class PlaceholderApp(App):
+
+    CSS_PATH = "placeholder.css"
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Vertical(
+            Container(
+                Placeholder("This is a custom label for p1.", id="p1"),
+                Placeholder("Placeholder p2 here!", id="p2"),
+                Placeholder(id="p3"),
+                Placeholder(id="p4"),
+                Placeholder(id="p5"),
+                Placeholder(),
+                Horizontal(
+                    Placeholder(variant="size", id="col1"),
+                    Placeholder(variant="text", id="col2"),
+                    Placeholder(variant="size", id="col3"),
+                    id="c1",
+                ),
+                id="bot"
+            ),
+            Container(
+                Placeholder(variant="text", id="left"),
+                Placeholder(variant="size", id="topright"),
+                Placeholder(variant="text", id="botright"),
+                id="top",
+            ),
+            id="content",
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = PlaceholderApp()
+    app.run()
--- a/docs/examples/widgets/text_log.py
+++ b/docs/examples/widgets/text_log.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import csv
+import io
+
+from rich.table import Table
+from rich.syntax import Syntax
+
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual import events
+from textual.widgets import TextLog
+
+
+CSV = """lane,swimmer,country,time
+4,Joseph Schooling,Singapore,50.39
+2,Michael Phelps,United States,51.14
+5,Chad le Clos,South Africa,51.14
+6,László Cseh,Hungary,51.14
+3,Li Zhuhao,China,51.26
+8,Mehdy Metella,France,51.58
+7,Tom Shields,United States,51.73
+1,Aleksandr Sadovnikov,Russia,51.84"""
+
+
+CODE = '''\
+def loop_first_last(values: Iterable[T]) -> Iterable[tuple[bool, bool, T]]:
+    """Iterate and generate a tuple with a flag for first and last value."""
+    iter_values = iter(values)
+    try:
+        previous_value = next(iter_values)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return
+    first = True
+    for value in iter_values:
+        yield first, False, previous_value
+        first = False
+        previous_value = value
+    yield first, True, previous_value\
+'''
+
+
+class TextLogApp(App):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield TextLog(highlight=True, markup=True)
+
+    def on_ready(self) -> None:
+        """Called  when the DOM is ready."""
+        text_log = self.query_one(TextLog)
+
+        text_log.write(Syntax(CODE, "python", indent_guides=True))
+
+        rows = iter(csv.reader(io.StringIO(CSV)))
+        table = Table(*next(rows))
+        for row in rows:
+            table.add_row(*row)
+
+        text_log.write(table)
+        text_log.write("[bold magenta]Write text or any Rich renderable!")
+
+    def on_key(self, event: events.Key) -> None:
+        """Write Key events to log."""
+        text_log = self.query_one(TextLog)
+        text_log.write(event)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = TextLogApp()
+    app.run()
--- a/docs/widgets/placeholder.md
+++ b/docs/widgets/placeholder.md
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Placeholder
+
+
+A widget that is meant to have no complex functionality.
+Use the placeholder widget when studying the layout of your app before having to develop your custom widgets.
+
+The placeholder widget has variants that display different bits of useful information.
+Clicking a placeholder will cycle through its variants.
+
+- [ ] Focusable
+- [ ] Container
+
+## Example
+
+The example below shows each placeholder variant.
+
+=== "Output"
+
+    ```{.textual path="docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py"}
+    ```
+
+=== "placeholder.py"
+
+    ```python
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.py"
+    ```
+
+=== "placeholder.css"
+
+    ```css
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/widgets/placeholder.css"
+    ```
+
+## Reactive Attributes
+
+| Name       | Type   | Default     | Description                                        |
+| ---------- | ------ | ----------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
+| `variant`  | `str`  | `"default"` | Styling variant. One of `default`, `size`, `text`. |
+
+
+## Messages
+
+This widget sends no messages.
+
+## See Also
+
+* [Placeholder](../api/placeholder.md) code reference
--- a/docs/widgets/text_log.md
+++ b/docs/widgets/text_log.md
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# TextLog
+
+A TextLog is a widget which displays scrollable content that may be appended to in realtime.
+
+Call [TextLog.write][textual.widgets.TextLog.write] with a string or [Rich Renderable](https://rich.readthedocs.io/en/latest/protocol.html) to write content to the end of the TextLog. Call [TextLog.clear][textual.widgets.TextLog.clear] to clear the content.
+
+- [X] Focusable
+- [ ] Container
+
+## Example
+
+The example below shows each placeholder variant.
+
+=== "Output"
+
+    ```{.textual path="docs/examples/widgets/text_log.py" press="_,H,i"}
+    ```
+
+=== "text_log.py"
+
+    ```python
+    --8<-- "docs/examples/widgets/text_log.py"
+    ```
+
+
+
+## Reactive Attributes
+
+| Name        | Type   | Default | Description                                                  |
+| ----------- | ------ | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `highlight` | `bool` | `False` | Automatically highlight content.                             |
+| `markup`    | `bool` | `False` | Apply Rich console markup.                                   |
+| `max_lines` | `int`  | `None`  | Maximum number of lines in the log or `None` for no maximum. |
+| `min_width` | `int`  | 78      | Minimum width of renderables.                                |
+| `wrap`      | `bool` | `False` | Enable word wrapping.                                        |
+
+## Messages
+
+This widget sends no messages.
+
+
+## See Also
+
+* [TextLog](../api/textlog.md) code reference
--- a/examples/calculator.css
+++ b/examples/calculator.css
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Screen {
    margin: 1 2;
    min-height: 25;
    min-width: 26;
+    height: 100%;
 }

 Button {
--- a/mkdocs.yml
+++ b/mkdocs.yml
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ nav:
      - "widgets/button.md"
      - "widgets/checkbox.md"
      - "widgets/data_table.md"
+      - "widgets/text_log.md"
      - "widgets/directory_tree.md"
      - "widgets/footer.md"
      - "widgets/header.md"
@@ -100,6 +101,7 @@ nav:
      - "widgets/label.md"
      - "widgets/list_view.md"
      - "widgets/list_item.md"
+      - "widgets/placeholder.md"
      - "widgets/static.md"
      - "widgets/tree.md"
  - API:
@@ -110,6 +112,7 @@ nav:
    - "api/color.md"
    - "api/containers.md"
    - "api/data_table.md"
+    - "api/text_log.md"
    - "api/directory_tree.md"
    - "api/dom_node.md"
    - "api/events.md"
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ tests-no-zope = ["cloudpickle", "coverage[toml] (>=5.0.2)", "hypothesis", "mypy

 [[package]]
 name = "black"
-version = "22.10.0"
+version = "22.8.0"
 description = "The uncompromising code formatter."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.7"
+python-versions = ">=3.6.2"

 [package.dependencies]
 click = ">=8.0.0"
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ python-versions = "*"

 [[package]]
 name = "certifi"
-version = "2022.9.24"
+version = "2022.12.7"
 description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -211,15 +211,15 @@ test = ["pytest (>=6)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "filelock"
-version = "3.8.0"
+version = "3.8.2"
 description = "A platform independent file lock."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"

 [package.extras]
-docs = ["furo (>=2022.6.21)", "sphinx (>=5.1.1)", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.19.1)"]
-testing = ["covdefaults (>=2.2)", "coverage (>=6.4.2)", "pytest (>=7.1.2)", "pytest-cov (>=3)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.1)"]
+docs = ["furo (>=2022.9.29)", "sphinx (>=5.3)", "sphinx-autodoc-typehints (>=1.19.5)"]
+testing = ["covdefaults (>=2.2.2)", "coverage (>=6.5)", "pytest (>=7.2)", "pytest-cov (>=4)", "pytest-timeout (>=2.1)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "frozenlist"
@@ -245,11 +245,11 @@ dev = ["flake8", "markdown", "twine", "wheel"]

 [[package]]
 name = "gitdb"
-version = "4.0.9"
+version = "4.0.10"
 description = "Git Object Database"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.6"
+python-versions = ">=3.7"

 [package.dependencies]
 smmap = ">=3.0.1,<6"
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ typing-extensions = {version = ">=3.7.4.3", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""

 [[package]]
 name = "griffe"
-version = "0.24.0"
+version = "0.24.1"
 description = "Signatures for entire Python programs. Extract the structure, the frame, the skeleton of your project, to generate API documentation or find breaking changes in your API."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ typing-extensions = {version = "*", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}

 [[package]]
 name = "httpcore"
-version = "0.16.1"
+version = "0.16.2"
 description = "A minimal low-level HTTP client."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ socks = ["socksio (>=1.0.0,<2.0.0)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "identify"
-version = "2.5.8"
+version = "2.5.9"
 description = "File identification library for Python"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ mkdocs = ">=1.1"

 [[package]]
 name = "mkdocs-material"
-version = "8.5.10"
+version = "8.5.11"
 description = "Documentation that simply works"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ requests = ">=2.26"

 [[package]]
 name = "mkdocs-material-extensions"
-version = "1.1"
+version = "1.1.1"
 description = "Extension pack for Python Markdown and MkDocs Material."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ python-legacy = ["mkdocstrings-python-legacy (>=0.2.1)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "mkdocstrings-python"
-version = "0.8.0"
+version = "0.8.2"
 description = "A Python handler for mkdocstrings."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ python-versions = "*"

 [[package]]
 name = "multidict"
-version = "6.0.2"
+version = "6.0.3"
 description = "multidict implementation"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
@@ -598,14 +598,11 @@ setuptools = "*"

 [[package]]
 name = "packaging"
-version = "21.3"
+version = "22.0"
 description = "Core utilities for Python packages"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.6"
-
-[package.dependencies]
-pyparsing = ">=2.0.2,<3.0.5 || >3.0.5"
+python-versions = ">=3.7"

 [[package]]
 name = "pathspec"
@@ -617,7 +614,7 @@ python-versions = ">=3.7"

 [[package]]
 name = "platformdirs"
-version = "2.5.4"
+version = "2.6.0"
 description = "A small Python package for determining appropriate platform-specific dirs, e.g. a \"user data dir\"."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -672,7 +669,7 @@ plugins = ["importlib-metadata"]

 [[package]]
 name = "pymdown-extensions"
-version = "9.8"
+version = "9.9"
 description = "Extension pack for Python Markdown."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -681,17 +678,6 @@ python-versions = ">=3.7"
 [package.dependencies]
 markdown = ">=3.2"

-[[package]]
-name = "pyparsing"
-version = "3.0.9"
-description = "pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars"
-category = "dev"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.6.8"
-
-[package.extras]
-diagrams = ["jinja2", "railroad-diagrams"]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "pytest"
 version = "7.2.0"
@@ -731,7 +717,7 @@ testing = ["coverage (==6.2)", "mypy (==0.931)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "pytest-asyncio"
-version = "0.20.2"
+version = "0.20.3"
 description = "Pytest support for asyncio"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -742,6 +728,7 @@ pytest = ">=6.1.0"
 typing-extensions = {version = ">=3.7.2", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}

 [package.extras]
+docs = ["sphinx (>=5.3)", "sphinx-rtd-theme (>=1.0)"]
 testing = ["coverage (>=6.2)", "flaky (>=3.5.0)", "hypothesis (>=5.7.1)", "mypy (>=0.931)", "pytest-trio (>=0.7.0)"]

 [[package]]
@@ -848,7 +835,7 @@ jupyter = ["ipywidgets (>=7.5.1,<8.0.0)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "setuptools"
-version = "65.5.1"
+version = "65.6.3"
 description = "Easily download, build, install, upgrade, and uninstall Python packages"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -940,7 +927,7 @@ python-versions = ">=3.7"

 [[package]]
 name = "tzdata"
-version = "2022.6"
+version = "2022.7"
 description = "Provider of IANA time zone data"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -948,11 +935,11 @@ python-versions = ">=2"

 [[package]]
 name = "urllib3"
-version = "1.26.12"
+version = "1.26.13"
 description = "HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more."
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
-python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*, !=3.5.*, <4"
+python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*, !=3.5.*"

 [package.extras]
 brotli = ["brotli (>=1.0.9)", "brotlicffi (>=0.8.0)", "brotlipy (>=0.6.0)"]
@@ -961,7 +948,7 @@ socks = ["PySocks (>=1.5.6,!=1.5.7,<2.0)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "virtualenv"
-version = "20.16.7"
+version = "20.17.1"
 description = "Virtual Python Environment builder"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -979,7 +966,7 @@ testing = ["coverage (>=6.2)", "coverage-enable-subprocess (>=1)", "flaky (>=3.7

 [[package]]
 name = "watchdog"
-version = "2.1.9"
+version = "2.2.0"
 description = "Filesystem events monitoring"
 category = "dev"
 optional = false
@@ -990,7 +977,7 @@ watchmedo = ["PyYAML (>=3.10)"]

 [[package]]
 name = "yarl"
-version = "1.8.1"
+version = "1.8.2"
 description = "Yet another URL library"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
@@ -1003,7 +990,7 @@ typing-extensions = {version = ">=3.7.4", markers = "python_version < \"3.8\""}

 [[package]]
 name = "zipp"
-version = "3.10.0"
+version = "3.11.0"
 description = "Backport of pathlib-compatible object wrapper for zip files"
 category = "main"
 optional = false
@@ -1019,7 +1006,7 @@ dev = ["aiohttp", "click", "msgpack"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "1.1"
 python-versions = "^3.7"
-content-hash = "578d7f611a797d406b8db7c61f28796e81af2e637d9671caab9b4ea2b1cf93c6"
+content-hash = "54991c99e5b0b3aeea2efe4f5aea432134bcc614328467554d6b01769a17fcff"

 [metadata.files]
 aiohttp = [
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+    {file = "yarl-1.8.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:49d43402c6e3013ad0978602bf6bf5328535c48d192304b91b97a3c6790b1562"},
 ]
 zipp = [
-    {file = "zipp-3.10.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:4fcb6f278987a6605757302a6e40e896257570d11c51628968ccb2a47e80c6c1"},
-    {file = "zipp-3.10.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7a7262fd930bd3e36c50b9a64897aec3fafff3dfdeec9623ae22b40e93f99bb8"},
+    {file = "zipp-3.11.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:83a28fcb75844b5c0cdaf5aa4003c2d728c77e05f5aeabe8e95e56727005fbaa"},
+    {file = "zipp-3.11.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:a7a22e05929290a67401440b39690ae6563279bced5f314609d9d03798f56766"},
 ]
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ classifiers = [
    "Typing :: Typed",
 ]
 include = [
-    "src/textual/py.typed"   
+    "src/textual/py.typed"
 ]

 [tool.poetry.scripts]
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ dev = ["aiohttp", "click", "msgpack"]

 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
 pytest = "^7.1.3"
-black = "^22.3.0"
+black = "^22.3.0,<22.10.0"  # macos wheel issue on 22.10
 mypy = "^0.990"
 pytest-cov = "^2.12.1"
 mkdocs = "^1.3.0"
--- a/src/textual/_arrange.py
+++ b/src/textual/_arrange.py
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ def arrange(

    placements: list[WidgetPlacement] = []
    add_placement = placements.append
-    region = size.region

    _WidgetPlacement = WidgetPlacement
    top_z = TOP_Z
@@ -50,7 +49,9 @@ def arrange(
    get_dock = attrgetter("styles.dock")
    styles = widget.styles

+    layer_region = size.region
    for widgets in dock_layers.values():
+        region = layer_region

        layout_widgets, dock_widgets = partition(get_dock, widgets)

--- a/src/textual/_compositor.py
+++ b/src/textual/_compositor.py
@@ -347,6 +347,7 @@ class Compositor:
            order: tuple[tuple[int, ...], ...],
            layer_order: int,
            clip: Region,
+            visible: bool,
        ) -> None:
            """Called recursively to place a widget and its children in the map.

@@ -356,7 +357,12 @@ class Compositor:
                order (tuple[int, ...]): A tuple of ints to define the order.
                clip (Region): The clipping region (i.e. the viewport which contains it).
            """
-            widgets.add(widget)
+            visibility = widget.styles.get_rule("visibility")
+            if visibility is not None:
+                visible = visibility == "visible"
+
+            if visible:
+                widgets.add(widget)
            styles_offset = widget.styles.offset
            layout_offset = (
                styles_offset.resolve(region.size, clip.size)
@@ -365,7 +371,9 @@ class Compositor:
            )

            # Container region is minus border
-            container_region = region.shrink(widget.styles.gutter)
+            container_region = region.shrink(widget.styles.gutter).translate(
+                layout_offset
+            )
            container_size = container_region.size

            # Widgets with scrollbars (containers or scroll view) require additional processing
@@ -387,7 +395,7 @@ class Compositor:
                    widgets.update(arranged_widgets)

                    # An offset added to all placements
-                    placement_offset = container_region.offset + layout_offset
+                    placement_offset = container_region.offset
                    placement_scroll_offset = placement_offset - widget.scroll_offset

                    _layers = widget.layers
@@ -420,32 +428,34 @@ class Compositor:
                            widget_order,
                            layer_order,
                            sub_clip,
+                            visible,
                        )
                        layer_order -= 1

-                # Add any scrollbars
-                for chrome_widget, chrome_region in widget._arrange_scrollbars(
-                    container_region
-                ):
-                    map[chrome_widget] = MapGeometry(
-                        chrome_region + layout_offset,
+                if visible:
+                    # Add any scrollbars
+                    for chrome_widget, chrome_region in widget._arrange_scrollbars(
+                        container_region
+                    ):
+                        map[chrome_widget] = MapGeometry(
+                            chrome_region + layout_offset,
+                            order,
+                            clip,
+                            container_size,
+                            container_size,
+                            chrome_region,
+                        )
+
+                    map[widget] = MapGeometry(
+                        region + layout_offset,
                        order,
                        clip,
+                        total_region.size,
                        container_size,
-                        container_size,
-                        chrome_region,
+                        virtual_region,
                    )

-                map[widget] = MapGeometry(
-                    region + layout_offset,
-                    order,
-                    clip,
-                    total_region.size,
-                    container_size,
-                    virtual_region,
-                )
-
-            else:
+            elif visible:
                # Add the widget to the map
                map[widget] = MapGeometry(
                    region + layout_offset,
@@ -457,7 +467,15 @@ class Compositor:
                )

        # Add top level (root) widget
-        add_widget(root, size.region, size.region, ((0,),), layer_order, size.region)
+        add_widget(
+            root,
+            size.region,
+            size.region,
+            ((0,),),
+            layer_order,
+            size.region,
+            True,
+        )
        return map, widgets

    @property
@@ -630,11 +648,6 @@ class Compositor:
        if not self.map:
            return

-        def is_visible(widget: Widget) -> bool:
-            """Return True if the widget is (literally) visible by examining various
-            properties which affect whether it can be seen or not."""
-            return widget.visible and widget.styles.opacity > 0
-
        _Region = Region

        visible_widgets = self.visible_widgets
@@ -644,13 +657,13 @@ class Compositor:
            widget_regions = [
                (widget, region, clip)
                for widget, (region, clip) in visible_widgets.items()
-                if crop_overlaps(clip) and is_visible(widget)
+                if crop_overlaps(clip) and widget.styles.opacity > 0
            ]
        else:
            widget_regions = [
                (widget, region, clip)
                for widget, (region, clip) in visible_widgets.items()
-                if is_visible(widget)
+                if widget.styles.opacity > 0
            ]

        intersection = _Region.intersection
--- a/src/textual/_layout.py
+++ b/src/textual/_layout.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Layout(ABC):
        """

    def get_content_width(self, widget: Widget, container: Size, viewport: Size) -> int:
-        """Get the width of the content.
+        """Get the optimal content width by arranging children.

        Args:
            widget (Widget): The container widget.
@@ -56,19 +56,18 @@ class Layout(ABC):
        Returns:
            int: Width of the content.
        """
-        width: int | None = None
-        gutter_width = widget.gutter.width
-        for child in widget.displayed_children:
-            if not child.is_container:
-                child_width = (
-                    child.get_content_width(container, viewport)
-                    + gutter_width
-                    + child.gutter.width
-                )
-                width = child_width if width is None else max(width, child_width)
-        if width is None:
-            width = container.width
-
+        if not widget.children:
+            width = 0
+        else:
+            # Use a size of 0, 0 to ignore relative sizes, since those are flexible anyway
+            placements, _, _ = widget._arrange(Size(0, 0))
+            width = max(
+                [
+                    placement.region.right + placement.margin.right
+                    for placement in placements
+                ],
+                default=0,
+            )
        return width

    def get_content_height(
@@ -85,12 +84,17 @@ class Layout(ABC):
        Returns:
            int: Content height (in lines).
        """
-        if not widget.displayed_children:
-            height = container.height
+        if not widget.children:
+            height = 0
        else:
-            placements, *_ = widget._arrange(Size(width, container.height))
+            # Use a height of zero to ignore relative heights
+            placements, _, _ = widget._arrange(Size(width, 0))
            height = max(
-                placement.region.bottom + placement.margin.bottom
-                for placement in placements
+                [
+                    placement.region.bottom + placement.margin.bottom
+                    for placement in placements
+                ],
+                default=0,
            )
+
        return height
--- a/src/textual/_styles_cache.py
+++ b/src/textual/_styles_cache.py
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ class StylesCache:
        if crop is None:
            crop = size.region

-        width, height = size
+        width, _height = size
        if width != self._width:
            self.clear()
            self._width = width
--- a/src/textual/app.py
+++ b/src/textual/app.py
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ class App(Generic[ReturnType], DOMNode):
        )
        self._screenshot: str | None = None
        self._dom_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        self._dom_ready = False

    @property
    def return_value(self) -> ReturnType | None:
--- a/src/textual/box_model.py
+++ b/src/textual/box_model.py
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def get_box_model(
        )
        content_height = min(content_height, max_height)

-    content_height = max(Fraction(1), content_height)
+    content_height = max(Fraction(0), content_height)
    model = BoxModel(
        content_width + gutter.width, content_height + gutter.height, margin
    )
--- a/src/textual/cli/previews/colors.css
+++ b/src/textual/cli/previews/colors.css
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+Label {
+    width: 100%;
+}

 ColorButtons {
    dock: left;
--- a/src/textual/cli/previews/easing.css
+++ b/src/textual/cli/previews/easing.css
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+Label {
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
 EasingButtons > Button {
    width: 100%;
 }
--- a/src/textual/containers.py
+++ b/src/textual/containers.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ class Container(Widget):

    DEFAULT_CSS = """
    Container {
+        height: 1fr;
        layout: vertical;
        overflow: auto;
    }
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ class Vertical(Widget):

    DEFAULT_CSS = """
    Vertical {
+        height: 1fr;
        layout: vertical;
        overflow-y: auto;
    }
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ class Horizontal(Widget):

    DEFAULT_CSS = """
    Horizontal {
+        height: 1fr;
        layout: horizontal;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }
@@ -39,6 +42,7 @@ class Grid(Widget):

    DEFAULT_CSS = """
    Grid {
+        height: 1fr;
        layout: grid;
    }    
    """
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ class Content(Widget, can_focus=True, can_focus_children=False):

    DEFAULT_CSS = """
    Vertical {
+        height: 1fr;
        layout: vertical;
        overflow-y: auto;
    }
--- a/src/textual/demo.css
+++ b/src/textual/demo.css
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ LocationLink {
    padding: 1 2;
    background: $boost;
    color: $text;  
-
+    box-sizing: content-box;
    content-align: center middle;
 }

--- a/src/textual/demo.py
+++ b/src/textual/demo.py
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ class DemoApp(App):
        example_css = "\n".join(Path(self.css_path[0]).read_text().splitlines()[:50])
        yield Container(
            Sidebar(classes="-hidden"),
-            Header(show_clock=True),
+            Header(show_clock=False),
            TextLog(classes="-hidden", wrap=False, highlight=True, markup=True),
            Body(
                QuickAccess(
--- a/src/textual/events.py
+++ b/src/textual/events.py
@@ -140,6 +140,10 @@ class Hide(Event, bubble=False):
    """


+class Ready(Event, bubble=False):
+    """Sent to the app when the DOM is ready."""
+
+
@rich.repr.auto
 class MouseCapture(Event, bubble=False):
    """Sent when the mouse has been captured.
--- a/src/textual/geometry.py
+++ b/src/textual/geometry.py
@@ -635,6 +635,7 @@ class Region(NamedTuple):
            and (y2 >= oy2 >= y1)
        )

+    @lru_cache(maxsize=1024)
    def translate(self, offset: tuple[int, int]) -> Region:
        """Move the offset of the Region.

--- a/src/textual/layouts/horizontal.py
+++ b/src/textual/layouts/horizontal.py
@@ -59,25 +59,3 @@ class HorizontalLayout(Layout):
            x = next_x + margin

        return placements, set(displayed_children)
-
-    def get_content_width(self, widget: Widget, container: Size, viewport: Size) -> int:
-        """Get the width of the content. In Horizontal layout, the content width of
-        a widget is the sum of the widths of its children.
-
-        Args:
-            widget (Widget): The container widget.
-            container (Size): The container size.
-            viewport (Size): The viewport size.
-
-        Returns:
-            int: Width of the content.
-        """
-        if not widget.displayed_children:
-            width = container.width
-        else:
-            placements, *_ = widget._arrange(container)
-            width = max(
-                placement.region.right + placement.margin.right
-                for placement in placements
-            )
-        return width
--- a/src/textual/screen.py
+++ b/src/textual/screen.py
@@ -379,8 +379,6 @@ class Screen(Widget):

            for widget in hidden:
                widget.post_message_no_wait(Hide(self))
-            for widget in shown:
-                widget.post_message_no_wait(Show(self))

            # We want to send a resize event to widgets that were just added or change since last layout
            send_resize = shown | resized
@@ -401,11 +399,17 @@ class Screen(Widget):
                        ResizeEvent(self, region.size, virtual_size, container_size)
                    )

+            for widget in shown:
+                widget.post_message_no_wait(Show(self))
+
        except Exception as error:
            self.app._handle_exception(error)
            return
        display_update = self._compositor.render(full=full)
        self.app._display(self, display_update)
+        if not self.app._dom_ready:
+            self.app.post_message_no_wait(events.Ready(self))
+            self.app._dom_ready = True

    async def _on_update(self, message: messages.Update) -> None:
        message.stop()
--- a/src/textual/widget.py
+++ b/src/textual/widget.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from rich.text import Text
 from . import errors, events, messages
 from ._animator import DEFAULT_EASING, Animatable, BoundAnimator, EasingFunction
 from ._arrange import DockArrangeResult, arrange
+from ._cache import LRUCache
 from ._context import active_app
 from ._easing import DEFAULT_SCROLL_EASING
 from ._layout import Layout
@@ -246,8 +247,8 @@ class Widget(DOMNode):
        self._content_width_cache: tuple[object, int] = (None, 0)
        self._content_height_cache: tuple[object, int] = (None, 0)

-        self._arrangement: DockArrangeResult | None = None
-        self._arrangement_cache_key: tuple[int, Size] = (-1, Size())
+        self._arrangement_cache_updates: int = -1
+        self._arrangement_cache: LRUCache[Size, DockArrangeResult] = LRUCache(4)

        self._styles_cache = StylesCache()
        self._rich_style_cache: dict[str, tuple[Style, Style]] = {}
@@ -457,21 +458,24 @@ class Widget(DOMNode):
        Returns:
            ArrangeResult: Widget locations.
        """
+        assert self.is_container

-        arrange_cache_key = (self.children._updates, size)
-        if (
-            self._arrangement is not None
-            and arrange_cache_key == self._arrangement_cache_key
-        ):
-            return self._arrangement
+        if self._arrangement_cache_updates != self.children._updates:
+            self._arrangement_cache_updates = self.children._updates
+            self._arrangement_cache.clear()

-        self._arrangement_cache_key = arrange_cache_key
-        self._arrangement = arrange(self, self.children, size, self.screen.size)
-        return self._arrangement
+        cached_arrangement = self._arrangement_cache.get(size, None)
+        if cached_arrangement is not None:
+            return cached_arrangement
+
+        arrangement = self._arrangement_cache[size] = arrange(
+            self, self.children, size, self.screen.size
+        )
+        return arrangement

    def _clear_arrangement_cache(self) -> None:
        """Clear arrangement cache, forcing a new arrange operation."""
-        self._arrangement = None
+        self._arrangement_cache.clear()

    def _get_virtual_dom(self) -> Iterable[Widget]:
        """Get widgets not part of the DOM.
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_input.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_input.py
@@ -61,12 +61,13 @@ class Input(Widget, can_focus=True):
        border: tall $background;
        width: 100%;
        height: 1;
+        min-height: 1;
    }
    Input.-disabled {
        opacity: 0.6;
    }
    Input:focus {
-       border: tall $accent;
+        border: tall $accent;
    }
    Input>.input--cursor {
        background: $surface;
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_label.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_label.py
@@ -5,3 +5,11 @@ from ._static import Static

 class Label(Static):
    """A simple label widget for displaying text-oriented renderables."""
+
+    DEFAULT_CSS = """
+    Label {
+        width: auto;
+        height: auto;
+    }
+    """
+    """str: The default styling of a `Label`."""
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_placeholder.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_placeholder.py
@@ -1,63 +1,187 @@
 from __future__ import annotations

-from rich import box
-from rich.align import Align
-from rich.console import RenderableType
-from rich.panel import Panel
-from rich.pretty import Pretty
-import rich.repr
-from rich.style import Style
+from itertools import cycle

 from .. import events
-from ..reactive import Reactive
-from ..widget import Widget
+from ..containers import Container
+from ..css._error_tools import friendly_list
+from ..reactive import Reactive, reactive
+from ..widget import Widget, RenderResult
+from ..widgets import Label
+from .._typing import Literal
+
+PlaceholderVariant = Literal["default", "size", "text"]
+_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED: list[PlaceholderVariant] = [
+    "default",
+    "size",
+    "text",
+]
+_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS: set[PlaceholderVariant] = set(
+    _VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED
+)
+_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS = [
+    "#881177",
+    "#aa3355",
+    "#cc6666",
+    "#ee9944",
+    "#eedd00",
+    "#99dd55",
+    "#44dd88",
+    "#22ccbb",
+    "#00bbcc",
+    "#0099cc",
+    "#3366bb",
+    "#663399",
+]
+_LOREM_IPSUM_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Etiam feugiat ac elit sit amet accumsan. Suspendisse bibendum nec libero quis gravida. Phasellus id eleifend ligula. Nullam imperdiet sem tellus, sed vehicula nisl faucibus sit amet. Praesent iaculis tempor ultricies. Sed lacinia, tellus id rutrum lacinia, sapien sapien congue mauris, sit amet pellentesque quam quam vel nisl. Curabitur vulputate erat pellentesque mauris posuere, non dictum risus mattis."


-@rich.repr.auto(angular=False)
-class Placeholder(Widget, can_focus=True):
+class InvalidPlaceholderVariant(Exception):
+    pass

-    has_focus: Reactive[bool] = Reactive(False)
-    mouse_over: Reactive[bool] = Reactive(False)
+
+class _PlaceholderLabel(Widget):
+    def __init__(self, content, classes) -> None:
+        super().__init__(classes=classes)
+        self._content = content
+
+    def render(self) -> RenderResult:
+        return self._content
+
+
+class Placeholder(Container):
+    """A simple placeholder widget to use before you build your custom widgets.
+
+    This placeholder has a couple of variants that show different data.
+    Clicking the placeholder cycles through the available variants, but a placeholder
+    can also be initialised in a specific variant.
+
+    The variants available are:
+        default: shows an identifier label or the ID of the placeholder.
+        size: shows the size of the placeholder.
+        text: shows some Lorem Ipsum text on the placeholder.
+    """
+
+    DEFAULT_CSS = """
+    Placeholder {
+        align: center middle;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-text {
+        padding: 1;
+    }
+
+    _PlaceholderLabel {
+        height: auto;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder > _PlaceholderLabel {
+        content-align: center middle;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-size,
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-text,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-text,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-size {
+        display: none;
+    }
+
+    Placeholder.-default > _PlaceholderLabel.-default,
+    Placeholder.-size    > _PlaceholderLabel.-size,
+    Placeholder.-text    > _PlaceholderLabel.-text {
+        display: block;
+    }
+    """
+    # Consecutive placeholders get assigned consecutive colors.
+    _COLORS = cycle(_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS)
+    _SIZE_RENDER_TEMPLATE = "[b]{} x {}[/b]"
+
+    variant: Reactive[PlaceholderVariant] = reactive("default")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def reset_color_cycle(cls) -> None:
+        """Reset the placeholder background color cycle."""
+        cls._COLORS = cycle(_PLACEHOLDER_BACKGROUND_COLORS)

    def __init__(
-        # parent class constructor signature:
        self,
-        *children: Widget,
+        label: str | None = None,
+        variant: PlaceholderVariant = "default",
+        *,
        name: str | None = None,
        id: str | None = None,
        classes: str | None = None,
-        # ...and now for our own class specific params:
-        title: str | None = None,
    ) -> None:
-        super().__init__(*children, name=name, id=id, classes=classes)
-        self.title = title
+        """Create a Placeholder widget.

-    def __rich_repr__(self) -> rich.repr.Result:
-        yield from super().__rich_repr__()
-        yield "has_focus", self.has_focus, False
-        yield "mouse_over", self.mouse_over, False
-
-    def render(self) -> RenderableType:
-        # Apply colours only inside render_styled
-        # Pass the full RICH style object into `render` - not the `Styles`
-        return Panel(
-            Align.center(
-                Pretty(self, no_wrap=True, overflow="ellipsis"),
-                vertical="middle",
-            ),
-            title=self.title or self.__class__.__name__,
-            border_style="green" if self.mouse_over else "blue",
-            box=box.HEAVY if self.has_focus else box.ROUNDED,
+        Args:
+            label (str | None, optional): The label to identify the placeholder.
+                If no label is present, uses the placeholder ID instead. Defaults to None.
+            variant (PlaceholderVariant, optional): The variant of the placeholder.
+                Defaults to "default".
+            name (str | None, optional): The name of the placeholder. Defaults to None.
+            id (str | None, optional): The ID of the placeholder in the DOM.
+                Defaults to None.
+            classes (str | None, optional): A space separated string with the CSS classes
+                of the placeholder, if any. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        # Create and cache labels for all the variants.
+        self._default_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
+            label if label else f"#{id}" if id else "Placeholder",
+            "-default",
+        )
+        self._size_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
+            "",
+            "-size",
+        )
+        self._text_label = _PlaceholderLabel(
+            _LOREM_IPSUM_PLACEHOLDER_TEXT,
+            "-text",
+        )
+        super().__init__(
+            self._default_label,
+            self._size_label,
+            self._text_label,
+            name=name,
+            id=id,
+            classes=classes,
        )

-    async def on_focus(self, event: events.Focus) -> None:
-        self.has_focus = True
+        self.styles.background = f"{next(Placeholder._COLORS)} 70%"

-    async def on_blur(self, event: events.Blur) -> None:
-        self.has_focus = False
+        self.variant = self.validate_variant(variant)
+        # Set a cycle through the variants with the correct starting point.
+        self._variants_cycle = cycle(_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS_ORDERED)
+        while next(self._variants_cycle) != self.variant:
+            pass

-    async def on_enter(self, event: events.Enter) -> None:
-        self.mouse_over = True
+    def cycle_variant(self) -> None:
+        """Get the next variant in the cycle."""
+        self.variant = next(self._variants_cycle)

-    async def on_leave(self, event: events.Leave) -> None:
-        self.mouse_over = False
+    def watch_variant(
+        self, old_variant: PlaceholderVariant, variant: PlaceholderVariant
+    ) -> None:
+        self.remove_class(f"-{old_variant}")
+        self.add_class(f"-{variant}")
+
+    def validate_variant(self, variant: PlaceholderVariant) -> PlaceholderVariant:
+        """Validate the variant to which the placeholder was set."""
+        if variant not in _VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS:
+            raise InvalidPlaceholderVariant(
+                "Valid placeholder variants are "
+                + f"{friendly_list(_VALID_PLACEHOLDER_VARIANTS)}"
+            )
+        return variant
+
+    def on_click(self) -> None:
+        """Click handler to cycle through the placeholder variants."""
+        self.cycle_variant()
+
+    def on_resize(self, event: events.Resize) -> None:
+        """Update the placeholder "size" variant with the new placeholder size."""
+        self._size_label._content = self._SIZE_RENDER_TEMPLATE.format(*self.size)
+        if self.variant == "size":
+            self._size_label.refresh(layout=True)
--- a/src/textual/widgets/_text_log.py
+++ b/src/textual/widgets/_text_log.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from typing import cast

 from rich.console import RenderableType
 from rich.highlighter import ReprHighlighter
+from rich.measure import measure_renderables
 from rich.pretty import Pretty
 from rich.protocol import is_renderable
 from rich.segment import Segment
@@ -73,22 +74,31 @@ class TextLog(ScrollView, can_focus=True):
        else:
            if isinstance(content, str):
                if self.markup:
-                    content = Text.from_markup(content)
-                if self.highlight:
-                    renderable = self.highlighter(content)
+                    renderable = Text.from_markup(content)
                else:
                    renderable = Text(content)
+                if self.highlight:
+                    renderable = self.highlighter(content)
            else:
                renderable = cast(RenderableType, content)

        console = self.app.console
-        width = max(self.min_width, self.size.width or self.min_width)
+        render_options = console.options

-        render_options = console.options.update_width(width)
-        if not self.wrap:
+        if isinstance(renderable, Text) and not self.wrap:
            render_options = render_options.update(overflow="ignore", no_wrap=True)
-        segments = self.app.console.render(renderable, render_options.update_width(80))
+
+        width = max(
+            self.min_width,
+            measure_renderables(console, render_options, [renderable]).maximum,
+        )
+
+        segments = self.app.console.render(
+            renderable, render_options.update_width(width)
+        )
        lines = list(Segment.split_lines(segments))
+        if not lines:
+            return

        self.max_width = max(
            self.max_width,
--- a/tests/layouts/test_content_dimensions.py
+++ b/tests/layouts/test_content_dimensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import pytest
+
+from textual.layouts.grid import GridLayout
+from textual.layouts.horizontal import HorizontalLayout
+from textual.layouts.vertical import VerticalLayout
+from textual.geometry import Size
+from textual.widget import Widget
+
+
+LAYOUTS = [GridLayout, HorizontalLayout, VerticalLayout]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("layout", LAYOUTS)
+def test_empty_widget_height(layout):
+    """Test that an empty widget has height equal to 0."""
+    l = layout()
+    # Make sure this measurement does not depend on the width.
+    assert l.get_content_height(Widget(), Size(80, 24), Size(80, 24), 24) == 0
+    assert l.get_content_height(Widget(), Size(80, 24), Size(80, 24), 20) == 0
+    assert l.get_content_height(Widget(), Size(80, 24), Size(80, 24), 10) == 0
+    assert l.get_content_height(Widget(), Size(80, 24), Size(80, 24), 0) == 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("layout", LAYOUTS)
+def test_empty_widget_width(layout):
+    """Test that an empty widget has width equal to 0."""
+    l = layout()
+    assert l.get_content_width(Widget(), Size(80, 24), Size(80, 24)) == 0
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshots/test_snapshots.ambr
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshots/test_snapshots.ambr
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/columns_height.py
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/columns_height.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.containers import Horizontal
+from textual.widgets import Static
+
+
+class HeightApp(App[None]):
+
+    CSS = """
+    Horizontal {
+        border: solid red;
+        height: auto;
+    }
+
+    Static {
+        border: solid green;
+        width: auto;
+    }
+
+    #fill_parent {
+        height: 100%;
+    }
+
+    #static {
+        height: 16;
+    }
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Horizontal(
+            Static("As tall as container", id="fill_parent"),
+            Static("This has default\nheight\nbut a\nfew lines"),
+            Static("I have a static height", id="static"),
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    HeightApp().run()
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/offsets.py
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/offsets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.containers import Vertical
+from textual.widgets import Label, Static
+
+
+class Box(Static):
+    DEFAULT_CSS = """    
+    Box {
+        border: solid white;
+        background: darkblue;
+        width: 16;
+        height: auto;
+    }    
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Label("FOO\nBAR\nBAZ")
+
+
+class OffsetsApp(App):
+
+    CSS = """
+    
+    #box1 {
+        offset: 5 5;
+    }
+
+    #box2 {
+        offset: 15 10;
+    }    
+    
+    """
+
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Box(id="box1")
+        yield Box(id="box2")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = OffsetsApp()
+    app.run()
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/order_independence.py
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/order_independence.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from textual.app import App, ComposeResult
+from textual.screen import Screen
+from textual.widgets import Header, Footer, Label
+from textual.containers import Vertical, Container
+
+
+class Overlay(Container):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Label("This should float over the top")
+
+
+class Body1(Vertical):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Label("My God! It's full of stars! " * 300)
+
+
+class Body2(Vertical):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Label("My God! It's full of stars! " * 300)
+
+
+class Good(Screen):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Header()
+        yield Overlay()
+        yield Body1()
+        yield Footer()
+
+
+class Bad(Screen):
+    def compose(self) -> ComposeResult:
+        yield Overlay()
+        yield Header()
+        yield Body2()
+        yield Footer()
+
+
+class Layers(App[None]):
+
+    CSS = """
+    Screen {
+        layers: base higher;
+    }
+
+    Overlay {
+        layer: higher;
+        dock: top;
+        width: auto;
+        height: auto;
+        padding: 2;
+        border: solid yellow;
+        background: red;
+        color: yellow;
+    }
+
+    Body2 {
+        background: green;
+    }
+    """
+
+    SCREENS = {"good": Good, "bad": Bad}
+
+    BINDINGS = [("t", "toggle", "Toggle Screen")]
+
+    def on_mount(self):
+        self.push_screen("good")
+
+    def action_toggle(self):
+        self.switch_screen(
+            "bad" if self.screen.__class__.__name__ == "Good" else "good"
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    Layers().run()
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/visibility.py
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/snapshot_apps/visibility.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from textual.app import App
+from textual.containers import Vertical
+from textual.widgets import Static
+
+
+class Visibility(App):
+    """Check that visibility: hidden also makes children invisible;"""
+
+    CSS = """
+    Screen {
+        layout: horizontal;        
+    }
+    Vertical {
+        width: 1fr;
+        border: solid red;
+    }
+
+    #container1 {
+        visibility: hidden;
+    }
+
+    .float {
+        border: solid blue;        
+    }
+    
+    /* Make a child of a hidden widget visible again */
+    #container1 .float {
+        visibility: visible;
+    }
+    """
+
+    def compose(self):
+
+        yield Vertical(
+            Static("foo"),
+            Static("float", classes="float"),
+            id="container1",
+        )
+        yield Vertical(
+            Static("bar"),
+            Static("float", classes="float"),
+            id="container2",
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app = Visibility()
+    app.run()
--- a/tests/snapshot_tests/test_snapshots.py
+++ b/tests/snapshot_tests/test_snapshots.py
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ from pathlib import Path

 import pytest

+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+
 # These paths should be relative to THIS directory.
 WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR = Path("../../docs/examples/widgets")
 LAYOUT_EXAMPLES_DIR = Path("../../docs/examples/guide/layout")
@@ -79,6 +81,12 @@ def test_buttons_render(snap_compare):
    assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "button.py", press=["tab"])


+def test_placeholder_render(snap_compare):
+    # Testing the rendering of the multiple placeholder variants and labels.
+    Placeholder.reset_color_cycle()
+    assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "placeholder.py")
+
+
 def test_datatable_render(snap_compare):
    press = ["tab", "down", "down", "right", "up", "left"]
    assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "data_table.py", press=press)
@@ -104,6 +112,10 @@ def test_fr_units(snap_compare):
    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/fr_units.py")


+def test_visibility(snap_compare):
+    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/visibility.py")
+
+
 def test_tree_example(snap_compare):
    assert snap_compare(WIDGET_EXAMPLES_DIR / "tree.py")

@@ -130,8 +142,31 @@ def test_multiple_css(snap_compare):
    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/multiple_css/multiple_css.py")


+def test_order_independence(snap_compare):
+    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/order_independence.py")
+
+
+def test_order_independence_toggle(snap_compare):
+    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/order_independence.py", press="t,_")
+
+
+def test_columns_height(snap_compare):
+    # Interaction with height auto, and relative heights to make columns
+    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/columns_height.py")
+
+
+def test_offsets(snap_compare):
+    """Test offsets of containers"""
+    assert snap_compare("snapshot_apps/offsets.py")
+
+
 # --- Other ---


 def test_key_display(snap_compare):
    assert snap_compare(SNAPSHOT_APPS_DIR / "key_display.py")
+
+
+def test_demo(snap_compare):
+    """Test the demo app (python -m textual)"""
+    assert snap_compare(Path("../../src/textual/demo.py"))
--- a/tests/test_box_model.py
+++ b/tests/test_box_model.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def test_width():


 def test_height():
-    """Test width settings."""
+    """Test height settings."""
    styles = Styles()
    one = Fraction(1)

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def test_height():
    )
    assert box_model == BoxModel(Fraction(54), Fraction(16), Spacing(1, 2, 3, 4))

-    # Set width to 100 vw which should make it the width of the parent
+    # Set height to 100 vw which should make it the height of the parent
    styles.height = "100vh"

    box_model = get_box_model(
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def test_height():
    )
    assert box_model == BoxModel(Fraction(54), Fraction(24), Spacing(1, 2, 3, 4))

-    # Set the width to 100% should make it fill the container size
+    # Set the height to 100% should make it fill the container size
    styles.height = "100%"

    box_model = get_box_model(
@@ -156,6 +156,14 @@ def test_height():
    )
    assert box_model == BoxModel(Fraction(54), Fraction(10), Spacing(1, 2, 3, 4))

+    # Set height to auto and set content height to 0 to check if box collapses.
+    styles.height = "auto"
+
+    box_model = get_box_model(
+        styles, Size(60, 20), Size(80, 24), one, one, get_auto_width, lambda *_: 0
+    )
+    assert box_model == BoxModel(Fraction(54), Fraction(0), Spacing(1, 2, 3, 4))
+

 def test_max():
    """Check that max_width and max_height are respected."""
--- a/tests/test_placeholder.py
+++ b/tests/test_placeholder.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import pytest
+
+from textual.widgets import Placeholder
+from textual.widgets._placeholder import InvalidPlaceholderVariant
+
+
+def test_invalid_placeholder_variant():
+    with pytest.raises(InvalidPlaceholderVariant):
+        Placeholder(variant="this is clearly not a valid variant!")
+
+
+def test_invalid_reactive_variant_change():
+    p = Placeholder()
+    with pytest.raises(InvalidPlaceholderVariant):
+        p.variant = "this is clearly not a valid variant!"